Entitlement (fair division)
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In economics, philosophy, and social choice theory, a person's entitlement refers to the value of goods they are owed or deserve, i.e. the total value of the goods or resources that a player would ideally receive.
In many fair division settings, agents have equal entitlements. However, this is not always the case:
- In partnership resolution settings, each partner is entitled to a fraction of the common assets in proportion to his/her investment in the partnership.
- In inheritance settings, the law in some jurisdictions prescribes a different share to each heir according to his/her proximity to the deceased person. For example, according to the Hebrew Bible, the firstborn son must receive twice as much as every other son.[1]
- In party-list proportional representation, each party is entitled to a number of seats in the legislature that is proportional to the number of votes it received.