Dutasteride
Hormone replacement medication / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Dutasteride, sold under the brand name Avodart among others, is a medication primarily used to treat the symptoms of a benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), an enlarged prostate not associated with cancer. A few months may be required before benefits occur.[4] It is also used for scalp hair loss in men and as a part of hormone therapy in transgender women.[5][6] It is usually taken by mouth.[7][8][4]
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Trade names | Avodart, others |
Other names | GG-745; GI-198745; GI-198745X; N-[2,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-oxo-4-aza-5α-androst-1-ene-17β-carboxamide |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a603001 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | 5α-Reductase inhibitor |
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Bioavailability | 60%[1] |
Protein binding | 99%[1] |
Metabolism | Liver (CYP3A4)[1] |
Metabolites | • 4'-Hydroxydutasteride[1] • 6'-Hydroxydutasteride[1] • 1,2-Dihydrodutasteride[1] (All three active)[1] |
Elimination half-life | 4–5 weeks[2][3] |
Excretion | Feces: 40% (metabolites)[1] Urine: 5% (unchanged)[1] |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.166.372 |
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Formula | C27H30F6N2O2 |
Molar mass | 528.539 g·mol−1 |
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The most commonly reported side effects of dutasteride, although rare, include sexual dysfunction and depression.[7] In the largest available study of 6,729 men with BPH, 9% experienced erectile dysfunction (compared to 5.7% treated with a placebo), 3.3% experienced decreased sex drive (vs 1.6% of placebo), and 1.9% had enlarged breasts (vs 1% of placebo).[9][10] Exposure during pregnancy is specifically contraindicated because antiandrogens such as dutasteride have been shown to interfere with the sexual development of male fetuses.[3][7]
Dutasteride was patented in 1993 by GlaxoSmithKline and was approved for medical use in 2001.[11][7] In the United States and elsewhere, it is available as a generic medication.[4] In 2018, it was the 291st-most commonly prescribed medication in the US with more than 1 million prescriptions.[12]