Coranzulí (caldera)
Volcano in Argentina / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Coranzulí is a Miocene caldera in northern Argentina's Jujuy Province. Part of the Argentine Andes' volcanic segment, it is considered a member of the Central Volcanic Zone (CVZ). At the heart of the CVZ lies the Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex, a group of volcanoes of which Coranzulí is a part: the complex has produced large ignimbrite sheets with a combined volume approaching 15,000 cubic kilometres (3,600 cu mi).
Coranzulí and the majority of the Andean volcanoes formed from the subduction of the oceanic Nazca Plate under the continental South American continental lithosphere. The caldera was probably supplied by a pool of rhyodacitic and rhyolitic magma that formed at the intersection of several faults. It sits on a basement formed by Paleozoic to Miocene volcanic, granitic and sedimentary rocks.
The caldera was the source of four large ignimbrites, which were erupted during a single event 6.6 million years ago. The ignimbrites have spread around the caldera and have a total volume of 650 cubic kilometres (160 cu mi). After their emplacement, the caldera produced several lava flows; rocks within the caldera were uplifted to form the mountain Cerro Coranzulí.