Champaign County, Illinois

Champaign County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 205,865,^[1] making it the 10th-most populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Urbana.^[2]

Champaign County
County
The Champaign County Courthouse in Urbana
Location within Illinois
Illinois' location within the United States
Coordinates: 40°6′59″N 88°14′36″W
Country	United States
State	Illinois
Region	Central Illinois
Metro area	Champaign–Urbana Metropolitan
Incorporated	February 20, 1833
County seat	Urbana
Largest city	Champaign
Area
• Total	998 sq mi (2,580 km2)
• Land	996 sq mi (2,580 km2)
• Water	2.1 sq mi (5 km2)
• Rank	5th largest county in Illinois
Population  (2020)
• Total	205,865
• Density	210/sq mi (80/km2)
Time zone	UTC−6 (Central)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−5 (Central)
ZIP Code prefixes	60949, 61801, 61802, 61815, 61816, 61820-61822, 61840, 61843, 61845, 61847, 61849, 61851-61853, 61859, 61862-61864, 61866, 61871-61875, 61877, 61878, 61880
Area codes	217/447
Congressional district	2nd, 13th, 15th
Website	co.champaign.il.us

Elected countywide officials Champaign County, IL
Office	Name	Party
County Executive	Steve Summers	Democrat
Assessor	Paula Bates	Democrat
Auditor	George P. Danos	Democrat
County Board Chairman	Kyle Patterson	Democrat
County Board Majority	Kyle Patterson	Democrat
Circuit Clerk	Susan W. McGrath	Democrat
County Clerk	Aaron Ammons	Democrat
Coroner	Duane E. Northrup	Republican
Recorder	Aaron Ammons	Democrat
Sheriff	Dustin Heuerman	Democrat
State's Attorney	Julia Rietz	Democrat
Treasurer	Cassandra Johnson	Democrat

Champaign County is part of the Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area. The twin cities of Urbana and Champaign are the only cities in the county, and they nearly surround the campus of the University of Illinois.

History

Champaign County was organized in 1833, having been previously a part of Vermilion County.^[3] The development of the county was greatly furthered by the arrival of the Chicago Branch of the Illinois Central Railroad, and even more by the establishment of the land-grant university. Later, the county also got an airport and a mass transit district. The northern part of the county experienced an economic and demographic setback with the closing of Chanute Air Force Base in the 1990s. In the 2004 Presidential election, it was one of only 15 of the 102 Illinois counties where John Kerry received a majority of the vote (50.37%).^[4]

• 
  Champaign County at the time of its creation in 1833
• 
  Country grain elevator in Champaign County

Geography

The county is 27 miles wide (east–west) and 36 miles long (north–south).^[5] Its area is 998 square miles (2,580 km²), of which 996 square miles (2,580 km²) is land and 2.1 square miles (5.4 km²) (0.2%) is water.^[6] It is the fifth-largest county in Illinois by land area.

Because Champaign County is situated on a large and very flat plateau, it had virtually no natural drainage, so that much of the County consisted of wetlands until drainage ditches were built, beginning in the 1870s. This was an example of an upland marsh, which resulted in a high incidence of malaria before the late nineteenth century.

The topography of Champaign County was formed by the Wisconsin glaciation about 20,000 years before the present. Lobes of ice from what is now Lake Michigan crossed the county, creating a deep pile of glacial soil, up to 300 feet thick, topped by numerous moraines forming small, flat watersheds with no outlets.

Champaign County is situated on the divide between the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. Rivers flow out of Champaign County to the east, west, and south. The Kaskaskia River has its origin to the northwest of Champaign, draining the western side of that City. The Kaskaskia flows toward the southwest, joining the Mississippi south of St. Louis, Missouri.

The Embarras River, on the other hand, drains the south-central portion of Champaign–Urbana, originating in southeastern Champaign and flowing through the experimental fields on the southern part of the campus of the University of Illinois. The Embarras is a tributary to the Wabash River and Ohio River systems. The northeast corner of Champaign, the central portion of the University campus, and the northern part of Urbana are drained by the Boneyard Creek, which flows into the Saline Branch, a tributary of the Vermilion and Wabash rivers.

Champaign County Courthouse in Urbana

Adjacent counties

• McLean County – northwest
• Ford County – north
• Vermilion County – east
• Edgar County – southeast
• Douglas County – south
• Piatt County – west

Transportation

Corn and soybean fields dominate the rural parts of Champaign County

Major highways

• Interstate 57
• Interstate 72
• Interstate 74
• US Route 45
• US Route 136
• US Route 150
• Illinois Route 10
• Illinois Route 47
• Illinois Route 49
• Illinois Route 54
• Illinois Route 130

Airports

The following public-use airports are located in the county:^[7]

• University of Illinois Willard Airport (CMI) – Champaign–Urbana
• Rantoul National Aviation Center (Frank Elliott Field) (TIP) – Rantoul
• Frasca Field (C16) – Urbana

Rail

There are two train stations in Champaign County: The Illinois Terminal in downtown Champaign and Rantoul station in Rantoul. Both stations are served by the Amtrak Illini and Saluki trains, which operate once daily between Chicago and Carbondale. The Illinois Terminal is also served by the City of New Orleans, which operates once daily between Chicago and New Orleans.^[8] Amtrak passenger trains in Champaign County use the former Illinois Central mainline, which is owned by the Canadian National Railway and also used by freight trains.^[9][10]

The Norfolk Southern Railway operates two branch lines in Champaign County: the Mansfield Line from Urbana to Mansfield and the Lafayette District from Decatur to Peru, Indiana.^[11][12] Canadian National also operates branch lines from Champaign to Seymour and Rantoul to Dewey. Traffic on the branch lines is limited and consists primarily of freight.

Intercity buses

Main article: List of intercity bus stops in Illinois

Amtrak, Greyhound, and Peoria Charter operate intercity buses from Champaign–Urbana to Chicago, St. Louis, Indianapolis, and other destinations.^[13][14]

Public transit

The Champaign–Urbana Mass Transit District operates public city buses in Champaign, Urbana, and Savoy.^[15]

Champaign County Area Rural Transit System (C-CARTS) provides on-demand transportation services for those living in rural areas of the county. C-CARTS also operates fixed-route local bus service in the village of Rantoul, along with an additional route connecting Rantoul to Champaign–Urbana.^[16]

Renewable energy

In August 2018, the Champaign County Board voted to approve solar farms on certain agricultural properties. Solar farms produce photovoltaic energy, which is energy produced by cells that generate electricity when they are hit by light. The board approved solar farms in AG-1 and AG-2 agricultural zoning districts. In order to make the solar farms, developers must obtain a special permit from the county board first. At least seven applications for permits were submitted in the first month.^[17]

Climate and weather

Urbana, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     1.9     32 16     2     38 21     3.2     49 30     3.7     62 40     4.8     74 51     4.2     83 60     4.7     85 64     4.4     83 62     3.2     78 54     2.8     65 43     3.5     50 33     2.8     37 22 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F █ Precipitation totals in inches Source: The Weather Channel[18]
Metric conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     48     0 −9     51     3 −6     82     9 −1     93     17 4     122     23 11     107     28 16     119     29 18     111     28 17     82     26 12     71     18 6     88     10 1     70     3 −6 █ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C █ Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Urbana have ranged from a low of 16 °F (−9 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −25 °F (−32 °C) was recorded in January 1999 and a record high of 109 °F (43 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.90 inches (48 mm) in January to 4.80 inches (122 mm) in May.^[18]

Demographics

2000 census age pyramid for Champaign County with a marked mode for college-aged individuals due to the presence of the University of Illinois.

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1840	1,475		—
1850	2,649		79.6%
1860	14,629		452.2%
1870	32,737		123.8%
1880	40,863		24.8%
1890	42,159		3.2%
1900	47,622		13.0%
1910	51,829		8.8%
1920	56,959		9.9%
1930	64,273		12.8%
1940	70,578		9.8%
1950	106,100		50.3%
1960	132,436		24.8%
1970	163,281		23.3%
1980	168,392		3.1%
1990	173,025		2.8%
2000	179,669		3.8%
2010	201,081		11.9%
2020	205,865		2.4%
2023 (est.)	205,644	[19]	−0.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[20] 1790–1960[21] 1900–1990[22] 1990–2000[23] 2010–2019[1]

As of the 2010 census, there were 201,081 people, 80,665 households, and 42,737 families residing in the county.^[24] The population density was 201.8 inhabitants per square mile (77.9/km²). There were 87,569 housing units at an average density of 87.9 per square mile (33.9/km²).^[6] The racial makeup of the county was 73.4% white, 12.4% black or African American, 8.9% Asian, 0.3% American Indian, 0.1% Pacific islander, 2.2% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 5.3% of the population.^[24] In terms of ancestry, 23.9% were German, 12.2% were Irish, 11.5% were American, and 8.9% were English.^[25]

Of the 80,665 households, 25.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.7% were married couples living together, 9.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 47.0% were non-families, and 33.2% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.95. The median age was 28.9 years.^[24]

The median income for a household in the county was $45,262 and the median income for a family was $65,785. Males had a median income of $45,823 versus $35,321 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,553. About 9.7% of families and 20.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.2% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over.^[26]

Champaign County, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: The US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.

Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 1980[27]	Pop 1990[28]	Pop 2000[29]	Pop 2010[30]	Pop 2020[31]	% 1980	% 1990	% 2000	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	146,970	144,824	139,143	142,470	125,280	87.28%	83.70%	77.44%	70.85%	60.86%
Black or African American alone (NH)	14,492	16,534	19,881	24,553	28,215	8.61%	9.96%	11.07%	12.21%	13.71%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	269[32]	429	345	360	279	0.16%	0.25%	0.19%	0.18%	0.14%
Asian alone (NH) [33]	3,286 [34]	7,819 [35]	11,553	17,879	24,420	1.95%	4.52% [36]	6.43%	8.89%	11.86%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	55 [37]	76 [38]	64	129	60	0.03%	0.04%	0.04%	0.06%	0.03%
Other race alone (NH)	915 [39]	130	325	387	897	0.54%	0.08%	0.18%	0.19%	0.44%
Mixed race or Multiracial (NH)	—[40]	—[41]	3,155	4,696	10,048	—[42]	—[43]	1.76%	2.34%	4.88%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	2,405[44]	1,637	5,203	10,607	16,666	1.43%	0.95%	2.90%	5.27%	8.10%
Total	168,392	173,025	179,669	201,081	205,865	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

The Champaign County Economic Development Corporation (CHCEDC) produced a 2009 County Demographic Profile which includes information on the population, labor, housing, cost of living, education, taxes, retail sales, transportation, quality of life, utilities.^[45] CHCEDC also conducts labor force studies every two years and labor shed studies every few years.^[46]

Economy

Supported by the University of Illinois, through backings such as the Research Park, and Champaign County leaders, the area has shown even more growth in Information Technology, Micro/Nanotechnology, Bio-Imaging, Healthcare, Logistics, Distribution, and Agribusiness in recent years.^[47]

As of 2023, the top 15 employers in the county are the University of Illinois, Carle Foundation Hospital, Champaign Schools Unit 4, Kraft Heinz, OSF Healthcare, Parkland College, Kirby Foods, Christie Clinic, Champaign County Government, Urbana School District #116, FedEx, Plastipak, Rantoul Foods, Busey Bank, and SuperValu.^[48]

Communities

Community	Community type	Population	Total Area	Water Area	Land Area	Pop. Density
Bondville	village	388	0.25	0.00	0.25	1,545.82
Broadlands	village	316	0.32	0.00	0.32	981.37
Champaign (largest city)	city	88,302	23.14	0.15	22.99	3,800
Fisher	village	2,062	1.33	0.00	1.33	1,550.38
Foosland	village	75	0.07	0.00	0.07	1,086.96
Gifford	village	911	0.44	0.00	0.44	2,050
Homer	village	1,073	0.98	0.00	0.98	1,094.90
Ivesdale	village	265	0.72	0.00	0.72	370.11
Lake of the Woods	census-designated place	2,403	1.77	0.08	1.68	1,428.66
Longview	village	112	0.25	0.00	0.25	453.44
Ludlow	village	308	0.40	0.00	0.40	775.82
Mahomet	village	9,434	9.79	0.07	9.72	970.38
Ogden	village	729	0.59	0.00	0.59	1,239.80
Penfield	census-designated place	151	0.26	0.00	0.26	587.55
Pesotum	village	550	0.58	0.01	0.57	966.61
Philo	village	1,392	0.83	0.00	0.83	1,679.13
Rantoul	village	12,371	8.59	0.10	8.49	1,457.13
Royal	village	293	0.18	0.00	0.18	1,601.09
Sadorus	village	402	1.03	0.00	1.03	391.43
Savoy	village	8,857	3.30	0.07	3.23	2,739.56
Seymour	census-designated place	317	0.09	0.00	0.09	3,500
Sidney	village	1,208	0.63	0.01	0.62	1,935.90
St. Joseph	village	3,810	2.10	0.02	2.08	1,829.09
Thomasboro	village	1,034	1.00	0.00	1.00	1,034.00
Tolono	village	3,604	2.06	0.00	2.06	1,748.67
Urbana (seat)	city	38,336	11.90	0.07	11.83	3,240.57
Champaign County	county	205,865	998	2.1	996	210

Townships

Township government was adopted on November 8, 1859.^[49]

• Ayers
• Brown
• Champaign
• Champaign City
• Colfax
• Compromise
• Condit
• Crittenden
• Cunningham
• East Bend
• Harwood
• Hensley
• Kerr
• Ludlow
• Mahomet
• Newcomb
• Ogden
• Pesotum
• Philo
• Rantoul
• Raymond
• Sadorus
• Scott
• Sidney
• Somer
• South Homer
• St. Joseph
• Stanton
• Tolono
• Urbana

Other unincorporated places

• Augerville
• Block
• Bongard
• Dailey
• Deers
• Dewey
• Dickerson
• Dillsburg
• Flatville
• Fulls
• Gerald
• Giblin
• Glover
• Jimtown
• Leverett
• Lotus
• Mayview
• Mira
• Parkville
• Pauline
• Prospect
• Rising
• Rutherford
• Sellers
• Staley
• State Road
• Tipton
• Tomlinson
• Wilbur Heights

Politics

Like most of central Illinois, Champaign County was powerfully Republican between the Civil War and the latter portion of the 20th century. From 1856 to 1988, it only supported a Democrat three times, in the national Democratic landslides of 1932, 1936 and 1964. Pockets of Democratic support existed in the cities of Champaign and Urbana, which frequently sent Democrats to the Illinois House of Representatives.

Since 1992, Champaign County has been one of the few Democratic bastions in central Illinois, and has become one of the most Democratic counties in downstate Illinois. It has supported a Democrat in the last eight presidential elections, and since 2004 has given a majority to Democratic candidates due to the county's liberalism as home to the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. This tracks closely with the strong Democratic trend in other counties influenced by college towns since the 1990s. The county's more rural precincts are still heavily Republican, however, they are overpowered by the vote in Champaign and Urbana, which account for over 60 percent of the county's population. George H. W. Bush in 1988 was the last Republican to carry the county, and Barack Obama's 2008 performance was the best by a Democrat until Joe Biden's 2020 performance surpassed it. Donald Trump had a particularly poor showing in the county in both 2016 and 2020, receiving a little over 35% of the vote, his third-worst showing in the state and his worst outside the Chicago area.

United States presidential election results for
Champaign County, Illinois^[50]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	35,285	36.92%	57,067	59.71%	3,221	3.37%
2016	33,368	36.42%	50,137	54.72%	8,123	8.87%
2012	35,312	44.92%	40,831	51.94%	2,466	3.14%
2008	33,871	40.13%	48,597	57.57%	1,940	2.30%
2004	39,896	48.40%	41,524	50.37%	1,014	1.23%
2000	34,645	46.64%	35,515	47.81%	4,125	5.55%
1996	28,232	42.50%	32,454	48.86%	5,743	8.65%
1992	27,096	35.61%	35,003	46.00%	13,993	18.39%
1988	33,247	52.36%	29,733	46.82%	519	0.82%
1984	39,224	58.61%	27,266	40.74%	435	0.65%
1980	33,329	50.99%	21,017	32.16%	11,014	16.85%
1976	34,546	54.74%	26,858	42.56%	1,703	2.70%
1972	33,700	57.43%	24,743	42.17%	236	0.40%
1968	26,027	53.50%	18,425	37.87%	4,196	8.63%
1964	22,010	46.04%	25,792	53.96%	0	0.00%
1960	27,793	61.16%	17,115	37.66%	533	1.17%
1956	28,190	67.06%	13,799	32.82%	51	0.12%
1952	27,188	65.91%	13,951	33.82%	112	0.27%
1948	19,156	60.88%	11,572	36.78%	737	2.34%
1944	18,935	57.46%	13,842	42.00%	177	0.54%
1940	20,314	53.26%	17,563	46.04%	267	0.70%
1936	15,808	45.77%	18,203	52.71%	524	1.52%
1932	13,995	45.04%	16,474	53.02%	601	1.93%
1928	19,494	68.28%	8,915	31.23%	141	0.49%
1924	14,244	62.81%	5,221	23.02%	3,212	14.16%
1920	15,573	71.83%	5,247	24.20%	861	3.97%
1916	14,632	57.82%	9,601	37.94%	1,071	4.23%
1912	3,220	25.62%	4,454	35.43%	4,896	38.95%
1908	7,162	57.15%	4,830	38.54%	539	4.30%
1904	6,954	61.10%	3,754	32.98%	674	5.92%
1900	6,660	55.06%	5,015	41.46%	420	3.47%
1896	6,780	57.66%	4,643	39.49%	335	2.85%
1892	5,290	50.93%	4,502	43.35%	594	5.72%

Education

Here is a list of K–12 school districts with territory in the county, no matter how slight, even if the districts have their schools and/or administrative offices in other counties:^[51]

K–12:

• Arthur Community Unit School District 305
• Bement Community Unit School District 5
• Champaign Community Unit School District 4
• Fisher Community Unit School District 1
• Gibson City-Melvin-Sibley Community Unit School District 5
• Heritage Community Unit School District 8
• Mahomet-Seymour Community Unit School District 3
• Monticello Community Unit School District 25
• Paxton-Buckley-Loda Community Unit School District 10
• Tolono Community Unit School District 7
• Tuscola Community Unit School District 301
• Urbana School District 116
• Villa Grove Community Unit School District 302

Secondary:

• Armstrong Township High School District 225
• Rantoul Township High School District 193
• St. Joseph-Ogden Community High School District 305

Elementary:

• Armstrong-Ellis Consolidated School District 61
• Gifford Community Consolidated School District 188
• Ludlow Community Consolidated School District 142
• Prairieview-Ogden Community Consolidated School District 197
• Rantoul City School District 137
• St. Joseph Community Consolidated School District 169
• Thomasboro Community Consolidated School District 130

University of Illinois lies in the county.

Notable people

• Henry P. Rusk, dean of the Department of Agriculture at the University of Illinois

See also

• Illinois portal

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Champaign County, Illinois

References

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32. Compilation of Native and Alaska Native data
33. Grouped in with Pacific Islander in 1990 Census
34. Added up data of Japanese, Asian Indian, Chinese, Korean, Filipino populations
35. Grouped in with Pacific Islander in 1990 Census
36. Grouped in with NH Pacific Islander in 1990 Census
37. Added up Guamanian and Hawaiian populations
38. Doesn't exclude Hispanic/Latino -- Figures for NH population are grouped with Asian Americans
39. Subtraction of "Other races of Spanish origin" (Hispanic/Latino people who identify as some other race)category and "Other races" category i potentially includes other ethnic groups that would usually be in another racial group
40. Not an option on the 1980 US Census
41. Not an option on the 1990 US Census
42. Not an option on the 1980 US Census
43. Not an option on the 1990 US Census
44. Listed as Spanish origin in 1980 Census
45. Archived September 30, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
46. Archived November 20, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
47. Archived October 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
48. Archived October 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
49. https://www.ilsos.gov/departments/archives/IRAD/champaign.html
50. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
51. "2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Champaign County, IL" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 20, 2022. Retrieved July 20, 2022. - Text list

Bibliography

• Mathews, Milton W; McLean, Lewis A. (1886). Early History and Pioneers of Champaign County. Urbana, Illinois: Champaign County Herald. Retrieved November 29, 2010.
• Stewart, J. R., ed. (1918). A Standard History of Champaign County Illinois. Vol. 1. Chicago and New York: The Lewis Publishing Company. Retrieved November 29, 2010.
• Stewart, J. R., ed. (1918). A Standard History of Champaign County Illinois. Vol. 2. Chicago and New York: The Lewis Publishing Company. Retrieved November 29, 2010.
• Cunningham, Joseph O., ed. (1905). Historical Encyclopedia of Illinois and History of Champaign County. Chicago: Munsell Publishing Company. pp. 631–1060. Retrieved November 29, 2010.

External links

• Champaign County Official Page
• Champaign County Visitors Information
• Champaign County Economic Development Corporation
• United States Census Bureau 2007 TIGER/Line Shapefiles
• United States Board on Geographic Names (GNIS)
• United States National Atlas
• Book of the Champaign County Courthouse dedication from 1901

40.14°N 88.20°W / 40.14; -88.20