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CD28 family receptor
Group of regulatory cell surface receptors / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
CD28 family receptors are a group of regulatory cell surface receptors expressed on immune cells. The CD28 family in turn is a subgroup of the immunoglobulin superfamily.[1]
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Two family members, CD28 and ICOS, act as positive regulators of T cell function while another three, BTLA,[2] CTLA-4 and PD-1 act as inhibitors.[1] Ligands for the CD28 receptor family include B7 family proteins.[3]
CD28 receptors play a role in the development and proliferation of T cells.[4] The CD28 receptors enhance signals from the T cell receptors (TCR) in order to stimulate an immune response[5] and an anti-inflammatory response on regulatory T cells. Through the promotion of T cell function, CD28 receptors allow effector T cells to combat regulatory T cell-mediated suppression from adaptive immunity. CD28 receptors also elicit the prevention of spontaneous autoimmunity.