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Butyronitrile
Chemical compound / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Butyronitrile or butanenitrile or propyl cyanide, is a nitrile with the formula C3H7CN. This colorless liquid is miscible with most polar organic solvents.
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Butanenitrile[2] | |||
Other names | |||
Identifiers | |||
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3D model (JSmol) |
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1361452 | |||
ChEBI | |||
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.003.365 ![]() | ||
EC Number |
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MeSH | N-butyronitrile | ||
PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
UN number | 2411 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |||
C4H7N | |||
Molar mass | 69.107 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colorless | ||
Odor | Sharp and suffocating[3] | ||
Density | 794 mg mL−1 | ||
Melting point | −111.90 °C; −169.42 °F; 161.25 K | ||
Boiling point | 117.6 °C; 243.6 °F; 390.7 K | ||
0.033 g/100 mL | |||
Solubility | soluble in benzene miscible in alcohol, ether, dimethylformamide | ||
Vapor pressure | 3.1 kPa | ||
Henry's law constant (kH) |
190 μmol Pa−1 kg−1 | ||
-49.4·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Refractive index (nD) |
1.38385 | ||
3.5 | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C) |
134.2 J K−1 mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−6.8–−4.8 kJ mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−2.579 MJ mol−1 | ||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling: | |||
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Danger | |||
H225, H301, H311, H331 | |||
P210, P261, P280, P301+P310, P311 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | 18 °C (64 °F; 291 K) | ||
488 °C (910 °F; 761 K) | |||
Explosive limits | 1.65%–?[3] | ||
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
LD50 (median dose) |
50 mg kg−1 (oral, rat) | ||
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible) |
none[3] | ||
REL (Recommended) |
TWA 8 ppm (22 mg/m3)[3] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
N.D.[3] | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related alkanenitriles |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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