Brookings, Oregon
City in Oregon, United States From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Brookings is a city in Curry County, Oregon, United States. It was named after John E. Brookings, president of the Brookings Lumber and Box Company, who founded the city in 1908. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,744.[5]
Brookings, Oregon | |
|---|---|
 An aerial view of Brookings, Oregon, and its coastline | |
 Flag | |
 Location in Oregon | |
  Brookings, Oregon Location in the United States | |
| Coordinates: 42°3′27″N 124°17′11″W | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Oregon |
| County | Curry |
| Incorporated | 1951 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor-Council government |
| Area | |
• Total | 4.16 sq mi (10.76 km2) |
| • Land | 4.15 sq mi (10.74 km2) |
| • Water | 0.01 sq mi (0.02 km2) |
| Elevation | 220 ft (70 m) |
| Population | |
• Total | 6,744 |
| • Density | 1,626.24/sq mi (627.84/km2) |
| U.S. Census | |
| Time zone | UTC−8 (Pacific) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC−7 (Pacific) |
| ZIP code | 97415 |
| Area code(s) | 458 and 541 |
| FIPS code | 41-08650[4] |
| GNIS feature ID | 2409916[2] |
| Website | www.brookings.or.us |
Founding
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In 1906, the Brookings Timber Company hired William James Ward, a graduate in civil engineering and forestry, to come to the southern Oregon Coast and survey its lumbering potential. After timber cruising the Chetco and Pistol River areas for several years, he recommended that the Brookings people begin extensive lumbering operations here and secure a townsite for a mill and shipping center.[6]
While John E. Brookings was responsible for the founding of Brookings as a company town, it was his cousin, Robert S. Brookings, who was responsible for its actual design. The latter Brookings hired Bernard Maybeck, an architect based in San Francisco who was later involved in the Panama–Pacific International Exposition, to lay out the plat of the townsite.[7]
World War II
On September 9, 1942, Mount Emily near Brookings became the only site in the mainland United States and the second in the continental territory after the bombing of Dutch Harbor to suffer aerial bombardment during World War II. A Japanese floatplane piloted by Nobuo Fujita was launched from submarine I-25. The plane was armed with two incendiary bombs on a mission intended to start massive fires in the dense forests of the Pacific Northwest.[8][9]
Fujita was invited to Brookings in 1962 and, as a token of friendship, gifted the city his 400-year-old family katana. Fujita later sponsored a trip to Japan for Brookings high school students and returned to the city three more times in the early 1990s. In 1997, Fujita was made an honorary citizen of Brookings by the city council.[10]
21st century
The current marketing "brand" for the community, through the Brookings-Harbor Chamber of Commerce,[11] is "The Pulse of America's Wild Rivers Coast". America's Wild Rivers Coast is a regional marketing brand for Curry County, Oregon, and Del Norte County, California.[12]
2011 tsunami
The Port of Brookings Harbor was damaged by tidal surges from a tsunami on March 11, 2011.[13] The largest surge was estimated to be nearly 8 feet (2.4 m).[14] Boats were damaged, sunk, set adrift, and swept out to sea after many docks were torn away and pilings broken.[14][15] The tsunami was caused by the 9.0 MW[16] Tōhoku earthquake offshore of the east coast of Honshu Island, Japan. The damage was estimated at $25 million to $30 million.[13]
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Brookings is located along the southern Oregon coast at the mouth of the Chetco River. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.94 square miles (10.20 km2), of which 3.87 square miles (10.02 km2) is land and 0.07 square miles (0.18 km2) is water.[17]
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Brookings has a mild Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csb).[19] According to the Trewartha climate classification, Brookings has a subtropical climate (Cs) since eight months are above 50 °F (10 °C).
A weather phenomenon known as the "Chetco Effect" or the "Brookings Effect" can cause the temperature in Brookings near the Chetco River mouth to be much higher than the surrounding area. Adiabatic heating increases the temperature and reduces relative humidity as katabatic wind, driven by high pressure on the Great Basin, descend across the west slopes of the Cascade Range and Oregon Coast Range.[20] The heart of Brookings, with its orientation, is protected from sea breezes coming from the northwest and the warm, dry, down-sloping winds that are funneled down the Coastal Range into the deep Chetco River gorge can reach the coast uninfluenced by the effects of the Pacific.[20][21]
On July 8, 2008, Brookings recorded a high temperature of 108 °F (42 °C) at the airport. This was not only the highest recorded temperature in the town's history, but also the highest recorded in Oregon on that day. The Crescent City airport, around 30 miles (48 km) south of Brookings, recorded a high temperature of 68 °F (20 °C) that day, 40 °F (22 °C) cooler. Temperatures in inland Oregon throughout the Willamette Valley reached temperatures into the mid-90s. The Brookings Effect remained very strong and localized until July 13, 2008, when high temperatures in Brookings dropped to 61 °F (16 °C), which is about 7 °F (3.9 °C) lower than average during the month.[20]
| Climate data for Brookings, Oregon, 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1913−present[a] | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 80 (27) |
85 (29) |
88 (31) |
92 (33) |
99 (37) |
100 (38) |
108 (42) |
101 (38) |
103 (39) |
100 (38) |
88 (31) |
79 (26) |
108 (42) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 53.7 (12.1) |
54.7 (12.6) |
55.4 (13.0) |
57.9 (14.4) |
61.7 (16.5) |
64.6 (18.1) |
66.6 (19.2) |
66.4 (19.1) |
66.9 (19.4) |
62.7 (17.1) |
57.3 (14.1) |
53.0 (11.7) |
60.1 (15.6) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 48.6 (9.2) |
48.9 (9.4) |
49.4 (9.7) |
51.4 (10.8) |
54.9 (12.7) |
58.1 (14.5) |
60.0 (15.6) |
60.1 (15.6) |
59.6 (15.3) |
56.0 (13.3) |
51.6 (10.9) |
47.9 (8.8) |
53.9 (12.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 43.6 (6.4) |
43.2 (6.2) |
43.4 (6.3) |
45.0 (7.2) |
48.0 (8.9) |
51.4 (10.8) |
53.4 (11.9) |
53.8 (12.1) |
52.3 (11.3) |
49.2 (9.6) |
45.8 (7.7) |
42.7 (5.9) |
47.7 (8.7) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 21 (−6) |
24 (−4) |
29 (−2) |
28 (−2) |
32 (0) |
34 (1) |
39 (4) |
37 (3) |
34 (1) |
30 (−1) |
28 (−2) |
17 (−8) |
17 (−8) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 12.57 (319) |
9.91 (252) |
9.89 (251) |
7.09 (180) |
3.37 (86) |
2.06 (52) |
0.39 (9.9) |
0.67 (17) |
1.46 (37) |
4.98 (126) |
11.12 (282) |
14.10 (358) |
77.61 (1,971) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 0.2 (0.51) |
0.3 (0.76) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.1 (0.25) |
0.7 (1.8) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.05 in) | 17.7 | 16.1 | 17.9 | 14.4 | 9.8 | 6.0 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 4.9 | 10.3 | 17.9 | 18.5 | 140.8 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Source: NOAA[23] | |||||||||||||
- Notes
- Records maintained at the Brookings COOP (42°02′47″N 124°17′16″W) since May 2002, and at the Brookings 2 SE COOP (42°01′48″N 124°14′43″W) before then.[22]
2010 census
As of the census of 2010, there were 6,336 people, 2,717 households, and 1,689 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,637.2 inhabitants per square mile (632.1/km2). There were 3,183 housing units at an average density of 822.5 units per square mile (317.6 units/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 92.2% White, 0.3% African American, 1.8% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 0.9% from other races, and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.6% of the population.[4]
There were 2,717 households, of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.7% were married couples living together, 11.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.8% were non-families. 31.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.81.[4]
The median age in the city was 46.9 years. 21.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 19.8% were from 25 to 44; 28% were from 45 to 64; and 24.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.7% male and 52.3% female.[4]
Azalea Park
Azalea Park is located at 640 Old County Road. It has picnic areas, bandshell, snackshack, gazebo, Kidtown playground, disc golf course, softball and soccer fields, and the Capella by the Sea. Several cultural events in the town are held at Azalea Park.[25]
Harris Beach State Park
Harris Beach State Park is located on Highway 101 at the north end of Brookings. It includes 173 acres (70 hectares) of coastal access as well as RV and tent camping facilities and a rest area.[26]
Annual cultural events
Each year, the town hosts the "Pirates of the Pacific" festival.[27]
One major event in the town is the Azalea Festival, which includes the Azalea Parade and live music. It is held every year on Memorial Day Weekend.[28]
Another very popular event in Brookings is the Nature's Coastal Holiday light display which is open each evening from Thanksgiving weekend through Christmas in Azalea Park.[29]
After a long history of feeding the homeless, the City Council moved against St. Timothy's Episcopal Church for operating a soup kitchen. This was fueled by a feeling within the town that the soup kitchen was drawing "the wrong kind of people" to the area. After a long, drawn-out legal battle, starting in 2021 and culminating in 2024, St. Timothy's Episcopal Church was granted by a Federal court permission to continue to operate the soup kitchen. As of this writing (August 2024) the city is alleged to be planning an appeal to this ruling.[30]
Radio
- Ethan Allen (1904–1993) – professional baseball player in Major League Baseball (MLB)
- Dom Callicrate (1885–1979) – college football player
- Ray "Crash" Corrigan (1902–1976) – actor
- Paul Harrell (1966–2024) – Marine Corps veteran, firearms instructor, and YouTuber
- Max Steineke (1898–1952) – petroleum geologist
- Elmo Williams (1913–2015) – film and television director and producer
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