Boron nitride
Refractory compound of boron and nitrogen with formula BN / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Boron nitride is a thermally and chemically resistant refractory compound of boron and nitrogen with the chemical formula BN. It exists in various crystalline forms that are isoelectronic to a similarly structured carbon lattice. The hexagonal form corresponding to graphite is the most stable and soft among BN polymorphs, and is therefore used as a lubricant and an additive to cosmetic products. The cubic (zincblende aka sphalerite structure) variety analogous to diamond is called c-BN; it is softer than diamond, but its thermal and chemical stability is superior. The rare wurtzite BN modification is similar to lonsdaleite but slightly softer than the cubic form.[3]
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
Boron nitride | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.030.111 |
EC Number |
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216 | |
MeSH | Elbor |
PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
BN | |
Molar mass | 24.82 g/mol |
Appearance | Colorless crystals |
Density | 2.1 g/cm3 (h-BN); 3.45 g/cm3 (c-BN) |
Melting point | 2,973 °C (5,383 °F; 3,246 K) sublimates (c-BN) |
Insoluble | |
Electron mobility | 200 cm2/(V·s) (c-BN) |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.8 (h-BN); 2.1 (c-BN) |
Structure | |
Hexagonal, sphalerite, wurtzite | |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
19.7 J/(K·mol)[1][2] |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
14.8 J/K mol[1][2] |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−254.4 kJ/mol[1][2] |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−228.4 kJ/mol[1][2] |
Hazards | |
GHS labelling: | |
Warning | |
H319, H335, H413 | |
P261, P264, P271, P273, P280, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P337+P313, P403+P233, P405, P501 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Related compounds | |
Related compounds |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Because of excellent thermal and chemical stability, boron nitride ceramics are used in high-temperature equipment and metal casting. Boron nitride has potential use in nanotechnology.