The Born equation can be used for estimating the electrostatic component of Gibbs free energy of solvation of an ion. It is an electrostatic model that treats the solvent as a continuous dielectric medium (it is thus one member of a class of methods known as continuum solvation methods).
It was derived by Max Born.[1][2]
where:
- NA = Avogadro constant
- z = charge of ion
- e = elementary charge, 1.6022×10−19 C
- ε0 = permittivity of free space
- r0 = effective radius of ion
- εr = dielectric constant of the solvent
Derivation
The energy U stored in an electrostatic field distribution is:Knowing the magnitude of the electric field of an ion in a medium of dielectric constant εr is and the volume element can be expressed as , the energy can be written as: Thus, the energy of solvation of the ion from gas phase (εr =1) to a medium of dielectric constant εr is:
References
External links
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