Beryllium oxide
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Beryllium oxide (BeO), also known as beryllia, is an inorganic compound with the formula BeO. This colourless solid is a notable electrical insulator with a higher thermal conductivity than any other non-metal except diamond, and exceeds that of most metals.[12] As an amorphous solid, beryllium oxide is white. Its high melting point leads to its use as a refractory material.[13] It occurs in nature as the mineral bromellite. Historically and in materials science, beryllium oxide was called glucina or glucinium oxide, owing to its sweet taste.
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
Beryllium(II) monoxide | |
Systematic IUPAC name
Oxoberyllium | |
Other names
Beryllia, Thermalox, Bromellite, Thermalox 995.[1] | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol) |
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3902801 | |
ChEBI | |
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.013.758 |
EC Number |
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MeSH | beryllium+oxide |
PubChem CID |
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |
UN number | 1566 |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
BeO | |
Molar mass | 25.011 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | Colourless, vitreous crystals |
Odor | Odourless |
Density | 3.01 g/cm3[2] |
Melting point | 2,578 °C (4,672 °F; 2,851 K)[2] |
Band gap | 10.6 eV[3] |
−11.9·10−6 cm3/mol[4] | |
Thermal conductivity | 210 W/(m·K)[5] |
Refractive index (nD) |
n11.7184, n2=1.733[6][7] |
Structure[8] | |
Hexagonal, zincite | |
P63mc | |
C6v | |
a = 2.6979 Å, c = 4.3772 Å | |
Formula units (Z) |
2 |
Linear | |
Thermochemistry[9] | |
Heat capacity (C) |
25.6 J/(K·mol) |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
13.77±0.04 J/(K·mol) |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−609.4±2.5 kJ/mol |
Gibbs free energy (ΔfG⦵) |
−580.1 kJ/mol |
Enthalpy of fusion (ΔfH⦵fus) |
86 kJ/mol |
Hazards | |
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH): | |
Main hazards |
Very toxic, Group 1B carcinogen |
GHS labelling: | |
Danger | |
H301, H315, H317, H319, H330, H335, H350, H372 | |
P201, P260, P280, P284, P301+P310, P305+P351+P338 | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
15 mg/kg (mouse, oral)[10] |
NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |
PEL (Permissible) |
TWA 0.002 mg/m3 C 0.005 mg/m3 (30 minutes), with a maximum peak of 0.025 mg/m3 (as Be)[11] |
REL (Recommended) |
Ca C 0.0005 mg/m3 (as Be)[11] |
IDLH (Immediate danger) |
Ca [4 mg/m3 (as Be)][11] |
Related compounds | |
Other anions |
Beryllium telluride |
Other cations |
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Supplementary data page | |
Beryllium oxide (data page) | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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