Bank of Venice
Public bank of the Venetian Republic / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Republic of Venice organized its first formal public bank in 1587, the Banco della Piazza di Rialto. This followed earlier proposals and the steady collapse during the 16th century of the Republic's private banks. Another public bank, the Banco del Giro, was established in 1619.[1]
Long before the creation of these banks, Venice was a pioneer in banking and finance in the public and private sectors, known throughout Europe for perfecting the system of double-entry bookkeeping and conducting business through book entry transactions. Several 19th century authors described a "Bank of Venice" formed in the 12th century, calling it Europe's first national bank and an innovator of non-redeemable debt-based money.[2] Archival research corrected these accounts, distinguishing between the Republic's financing offices, the business of its private bankers, and the much later public banks.[1]