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President of Portugal from 1976 to 1986 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes (pronounced [ɐ̃ˈtɔnju ʁɐˈmaʎu iˈɐnɨʃ]; born 25 January 1935) is a Portuguese general and politician who was the 16th president of Portugal from 1976 to 1986.
This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2024) |
António Ramalho Eanes | |
---|---|
![]() Ramalho Eanes in 2019 | |
President of Portugal | |
In office 14 July 1976 – 9 March 1986 | |
Prime Minister | Mário Soares Alfredo Nobre da Costa Carlos Mota Pinto Maria de Lurdes Pintasilgo Francisco Sá Carneiro Francisco Pinto Balsemão Aníbal Cavaco Silva |
Preceded by | Francisco da Costa Gomes |
Succeeded by | Mário Soares |
President of the Democratic Renewal Party | |
In office 19 August 1986 – 5 August 1987[1] | |
Vice President | Hermínio Martinho |
Preceded by | Hermínio Martinho |
Succeeded by | Hermínio Martinho |
President of the Revolutionary Council | |
In office 14 July 1976 – 30 September 1982 | |
Preceded by | Francisco da Costa Gomes |
Succeeded by | Office abolished |
Chief of the Armed Forces General Staff | |
In office 14 July 1976 – 16 February 1981 | |
Preceded by | Francisco da Costa Gomes |
Succeeded by | Nuno de Melo Egídio |
Chief of the Army General Staff | |
In office 6 December 1975 – 14 July 1976 | |
Preceded by | Carlos Soares Fabião |
Succeeded by | Vasco Rocha Vieira |
Chair of Radio and Television of Portugal | |
In office 28 October 1974 – 11 March 1975 | |
Preceded by | Casimiro Gomes |
Succeeded by | João António de Figueiredo |
Member of the Assembly of the Republic | |
In office 13 August 1987 – 3 November 1991[2][3] | |
Constituency | Lisbon |
Personal details | |
Born | António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes 25 January 1935 Alcains, Castelo Branco, Portugal |
Political party | Independent (1974–1986; 1991–present) |
Other political affiliations | Democratic Renewal Party (1986–1991) |
Spouse | |
Children | 2 |
Alma mater | Military Academy |
Signature | ![]() |
Military service | |
Allegiance | ![]() |
Branch/service | ![]() |
Years of service | 1952–1986 |
Rank | General |
Battles/wars | Portuguese Colonial War |
Born at Alcains, Castelo Branco, he is the son of Manuel dos Santos Eanes, a general contractor, and Maria do Rosário Ramalho.[4]
After a long military career in the Portuguese Colonial Wars, Eanes was stationed in Portuguese Angola when the 25 April revolution of 1974 took place. He joined the Movimento das Forças Armadas (MFA or Armed Forces Movement) and after returning to Portugal was made president of RTP (Portuguese public television). He ordered the military operations against the pro-communist radical faction of the MFA on 25 November 1975, an event known as the 25 de Novembro, ending that year's "hot summer" (Verão quente).[4][5][6]
In 1976 he was elected President of Portugal. At the end of 1980 he was re-elected, serving until March 1986. After his presidency, he headed the Democratic Renewal Party (Portuguese: Partido Renovador Democrático), and continued to support the Social Democratic Party (PSD) minority government until 1987. He resigned in 1987 after being defeated by PSD in the legislative election.[4][7]
He is a member of the Portuguese Council of State, as a former elected president of Portugal.
He rejected any suggestion of becoming a Marshal, considering the title unnecessary.
He married at the Palace of Queluz on 28 October 1970 to Maria Manuela Duarte Neto Portugal (b. 29 December 1938), who was one of Portugal's most politically active First Ladies. They had two sons, Manuel António (b. 5 May 1972) and Miguel (b. 20 October 1977).
Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|
António Ramalho Eanes | 2,967,137 | 61.6 | |
Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho | 792,760 | 16.5 | |
José Pinheiro de Azevedo | 692,147 | 14.4 | |
Octávio Pato | 365,586 | 7.6 | |
Blank/Invalid ballots | 63,495 | – | |
Turnout | 4,881,125 | 75.47 | |
Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições[10] |
Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|
António Ramalho Eanes | 3,262,520 | 56.4 | |
António Soares Carneiro | 2,325,481 | 40.2 | |
Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho | 85,896 | 1.5 | |
Carlos Galvão de Melo | 48,468 | 0.8 | |
António Pires Veloso | 45,132 | 0.8 | |
António Aires Rodrigues | 12,745 | 0.2 | |
Blank/Invalid ballots | 60,090 | – | |
Turnout | 5,840,332 | 84.39 | |
Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições[11] |
Candidate | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|
António Ramalho Eanes | Voice vote | ||
Turnout | 100.0 | ||
Source: Results[12] |
Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Seats | +/− | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PSD | Aníbal Cavaco Silva | 2,850,784 | 50.2 | 148 | +60 | |
PS | Vítor Constâncio | 1,262,506 | 22.2 | 60 | +3 | |
CDU | Álvaro Cunhal | 689,137 | 12.1 | 31 | –7 | |
PRD | António Ramalho Eanes | 278,561 | 4.9 | 7 | –38 | |
CDS | Adriano Moreira | 251,987 | 4.4 | 4 | –18 | |
Other parties | 219,715 | 3.9 | 0 | ±0 | ||
Blank/Invalid ballots | 123,668 | 2.2 | – | – | ||
Turnout | 5,676,358 | 71.57 | 250 | ±0 | ||
Source: Comissão Nacional de Eleições[13] |
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