Amador County, California

Amador County (/ˈæmədɔːr/ ^ⓘ) is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the Sierra Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,474.^[5] The county seat is Jackson.^[6] Amador County, located within California's Gold Country, is known as "The Heart of the Mother Lode." There is a substantial viticulture industry in the county.

Amador County, California
County
The Amador County foothills in April 2007
Flag Seal
Nickname:  "The Heart of the Mother Lode"
Interactive map of Amador County
Location in the state of California
Country	United States
State	California
Region	Sierra Nevada
Incorporated	May 1, 1854[1]
Named for	José María Amador
County seat	Jackson
Largest city	Ione (population and area)
Government
• Type	Council–CAO
• Body	Board of Supervisors[2] Pat Crew Richard M. Forster Jeff Brown Frank Axe Brian Oneto
• Chair	Jeff Brown
• Vice Chair	Brian Oneto
• County Administrative Officer	Chuck Iley
Area
• Total	606 sq mi (1,570 km2)
• Land	595 sq mi (1,540 km2)
• Water	11.4 sq mi (30 km2)
Highest elevation [3]	9,414 ft (2,869 m)
Population  (2020)
• Total	40,474
• Estimate  (2023)	41,811
• Density	67/sq mi (26/km2)
GDP [4]
• Total	$1.921 billion (2022)
Time zone	UTC-8 (Pacific Time Zone)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-7 (Pacific Daylight Time)
Area code	209
FIPS code	06-005
GNIS feature ID	1675841
Congressional district	5th
Website	www.co.amador.ca.us

History

Amador County is named after José María Amador, a Californio miner who found gold in the area in 1848.

Dr. Charles Boarman (1828–1880), son of Rear Admiral Charles Boarman, and his family settled in the area. He served as the first county physician and coroner from 1863 to 1880.

The former Amador County Courthouse consists of two buildings: the second courthouse (built 1864) and the Hall of Records (1893), that were enclosed and combined in 1939 with an Art Deco exterior.^[7]

High-grade Gold-quartz ore from Amador County

Amador County was created by the California Legislature on May 11, 1854, from parts of Calaveras and El Dorado counties.^[8] It was organized on July 3, 1854.^[8] In 1864, part of the county's territory was given to Alpine County.

The county is named for José María Amador, a soldier, rancher, and miner, born in San Francisco in 1794,^[9] the son of Sergeant Pedro Amador (a Spanish soldier who settled in California in 1771) and younger brother to Sinforosa Amador.

In 1848, Jose Maria Amador, with several Native Americans, established a successful gold mining camp near the present town of Amador City. In Spanish, the word amador means "one who loves". Some of the Mother Lode's most successful gold mines were located in Amador County, including the Kennedy, Argonaut, and Keystone.

During the outbreak of Civil War the county organized Company C, 1st California Infantry and Company D, 4th California Infantry.^[10] Not everyone supported the Union; in April of 1862 when the stars and stripes flew from a house a local judge cursed at it.^[11]

• 
  Company C, "Amador Volunteers"^[12]

There are numerous gold mines in Amador County including the Argonaut Mine, the Kennedy Mine, the Central Eureka, and the Lincoln. The Kennedy Mine in Jackson was the deepest gold mine of its time. The federal government closed all of the Mother Lode's mines in 1942 because they were considered non-essential to the war effort.^{[citation needed]}

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 606 square miles (1,570 km²), of which 595 square miles (1,540 km²) is land and 11.4 square miles (30 km²) (1.9%) is water.^[13] It is the fifth-smallest county in California by land area and second-smallest by total area. Water bodies in the county include Lake Amador, Lake Camanche, Pardee Reservoir, Bear River Reservoir, Silver Lake, Sutter Creek, Cosumnes River, Mokelumne River, and Lake Tabeaud. Thirty-seven miles of the North Fork and main Mokelumne River were added to the California Wild and Scenic Rivers System on June 27, 2018, when Governor Edmund G. "Jerry" Brown signed Senate Bill 854.

Amador County is located approximately 45 miles (72 km) southeast of Sacramento in the part of California known as the Mother Lode, or Gold Country in the Sierra Nevada.

Amador County ranges in elevation from approximately 250 feet (76 m) in the western portion of the county to over 9,000 feet (2,700 m) in the eastern portion of the county, the tallest point being Thunder Mountain. The county is bordered on the north by the Cosumnes River and El Dorado County and on the south by the Mokelumne River and Calaveras County, on the west by Sacramento and San Joaquin Counties, and the east by Alpine County.

Adjacent counties

• El Dorado County – north
• Alpine County – east
• Calaveras County – south
• San Joaquin County – southwest
• Sacramento County – west

National protected area

• Eldorado National Forest (part)
• Mokelumne Wilderness (part)

Demographics

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1860	10,930		—
1870	9,582		−12.3%
1880	11,384		18.8%
1890	10,320		−9.3%
1900	11,116		7.7%
1910	9,086		−18.3%
1920	7,793		−14.2%
1930	8,494		9.0%
1940	8,973		5.6%
1950	9,151		2.0%
1960	9,990		9.2%
1970	11,821		18.3%
1980	19,314		63.4%
1990	30,039		55.5%
2000	35,100		16.8%
2010	38,091		8.5%
2020	40,474		6.3%
2023 (est.)	41,811	[14]	3.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[15] 1790–1960[16] 1900–1990[17] 1990–2000[18] 2010[19] 2020[20]

2020 census

Amador County, California – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.

Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic)	Pop 2000[21]	Pop 2010[19]	Pop 2020[20]	% 2000	% 2010	% 2020
White alone (NH)	28,920	30,325	29,725	82.39%	79.61%	73.44%
Black or African American alone (NH)	1,348	938	1,215	3.84%	2.46%	3.00%
Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH)	538	547	577	1.53%	1.44%	1.43%
Asian alone (NH)	326	396	554	0.93%	1.04%	1.37%
Pacific Islander alone (NH)	29	63	73	0.08%	0.17%	0.18%
Some Other Race alone (NH)	178	130	249	0.51%	0.34%	0.62%
Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH)	635	936	2,067	1.81%	2.46%	5.11%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	3,126	4,756	6,014	8.91%	12.49%	14.86%
Total	35,100	38,091	40,474	100.00%	100.00%	100.00%

2011

Population, race, and income
Total population[22]	38,244
White[22]	33,454	87.5%
Black or African American[22]	870	2.3%
American Indian or Alaska Native[22]	889	2.3%
Asian[22]	529	1.4%
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander[22]	82	0.2%
Some other race[22]	1,432	3.7%
Two or more races[22]	988	2.6%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[23]	4,677	12.2%
Per capita income[24]	$28,030
Median household income[25]	$56,180
Median family income[26]	$69,521

Places by population, race, and income

Places by population and race

Place	Type[27]	Population[22]	White[22]	Other[22] [note 1]	Asian[22]	Black or African American[22]	Native American[22] [note 2]	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[23]
Amador City	City	158	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Buckhorn	CDP	2,090	98.4%	1.6%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	5.6%
Buena Vista	CDP	435	68.5%	25.1%	0.0%	0.0%	6.4%	0.0%
Camanche North Shore	CDP	791	96.7%	3.3%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	16.9%
Camanche Village	CDP	704	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Drytown	CDP	138	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Fiddletown	CDP	121	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Ione	City	7,873	70.7%	14.6%	2.6%	9.7%	2.4%	25.3%
Jackson†	City	4,626	90.7%	4.8%	1.2%	0.8%	2.5%	16.6%
Kirkwood‡	CDP	158	96.8%	0.0%	0.6%	2.5%	0.0%	0.0%
Martell	CDP	140	100.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Pine Grove	CDP	2,573	93.0%	5.9%	1.1%	0.0%	0.0%	7.3%
Pioneer	CDP	1,226	82.1%	2.6%	0.0%	0.0%	15.3%	0.0%
Plymouth	City	1,055	94.0%	3.2%	0.6%	0.0%	2.2%	11.7%
Red Corral	CDP	1,757	84.4%	11.8%	2.3%	0.2%	1.4%	2.9%
River Pines	CDP	578	97.1%	0.0%	2.9%	0.0%	0.0%	6.9%
Sutter Creek	City	2,497	93.4%	1.5%	4.8%	0.0%	0.3%	5.3%
Volcano	CDP	184	99.4%	0.0%	0.6%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%

^† County seat
^‡ Data for Amador County area of this CDP

Places by population and income

Place	Type[27]	Population[28]	Per capita income[24]	Median household income[25]	Median family income[26]
Amador City	City	158	$36,439	$63,036	$81,500
Buckhorn	CDP	2,090	$31,611	$50,365	$54,833
Buena Vista	CDP	435	$12,573	$32,944	$33,444
Camanche North Shore	CDP	791	$31,857	$58,309	$79,125
Camanche Village	CDP	704	$35,199	$98,333	$98,631
Drytown	CDP	138	$20,676	$21,172	$70,595
Fiddletown	CDP	121	$69,702	$65,192	$49,766
Ione	City	7,873	$14,946	$72,734	$79,775
Jackson†	City	4,626	$24,945	$48,631	$63,028
Kirkwood‡	CDP	39	$14,623	$7,188	[29]
Martell	CDP	140	$23,051	$50,962	$90,391
Pine Grove	CDP	2,573	$29,918	$52,917	$74,048
Pioneer	CDP	1,226	$32,153	$42,917	$92,600
Plymouth	City	1,055	$21,626	$38,333	$56,667
Red Corral	CDP	1,757	$20,145	$58,450	$57,803
River Pines	CDP	578	$30,626	$31,544	$38,875
Sutter Creek	City	2,497	$26,788	$46,316	$51,389
Volcano	CDP	183	$47,178	$89,688	[29]

^† County seat
^‡ Data for Amador County area of this CDP

2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Amador County had a population of 38,091. The racial makeup of Amador County was 33,149 (87.0%) White, 962 (2.5%) African American, 678 (1.8%) Native American, 419 (1.1%) Asian, 77 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 1,450 (3.8%) from other races, and 1,356 (3.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4,756 persons (12.5%).^[30]

Population reported at 2010 United States Census

Place	Type	Total population	White	African American	Native American	Asian	Pacific Islander	Other races	Two or more races	Hispanic or Latino (of any race)
Amador County	County	38,091	33,149	962	678	419	77	1,450	1,356	4,756
Amador City	City	185	171	0	4	2	0	2	6	11
Ione	City	7,918	5,826	824	173	110	21	678	286	1,991
Jackson†	City	4,651	4,090	32	94	60	4	185	186	520
Plymouth	City	1,005	850	3	18	6	2	70	56	183
Sutter Creek	City	2,501	2,272	10	34	65	5	40	75	219
Buckhorn	CDP	2,429	2,259	9	37	25	4	47	48	168
Buena Vista	CDP	429	365	1	23	0	0	12	28	35
Camanche North Shore	CDP	979	860	3	14	12	3	38	49	150
Camanche Village	CDP	847	762	0	9	8	4	31	33	121
Drytown	CDP	167	153	0	0	1	0	2	11	11
Fiddletown	CDP	235	215	0	5	1	0	8	6	22
Kirkwood‡	CDP	61	59	0	1	1	0	0	0	2
Martell	CDP	282	234	0	14	0	5	14	15	36
Pine Grove	CDP	2,219	2,027	9	36	9	6	49	83	202
Pioneer	CDP	1,094	1,017	0	34	1	2	12	28	52
Red Corral	CDP	1,413	1,259	24	15	12	3	33	67	147
River Pines	CDP	379	324	0	5	4	0	8	38	31
Volcano	CDP	115	109	0	2	2	0	0	2	7
All others not CDPs (combined)	Others not CDPs	11,182	10,297	47	160	100	18	221	339	848

^† County seat
^‡ Data for Amador County area of this CDP

2000 Census

As of the census^[31] of 2000, there were 35,100 people, 12,759 households, and 9,071 families residing in the county. The population density was 59 people per square mile (23 people/km²). There were 15,035 housing units at an average density of 25 per square mile (9.7/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 85.8% White, 3.9% Black or African American, 1.8% Native American, 1.0% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 5.0% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. 8.9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 14.9% were of German, 12.6% English, 11.7% Irish, 8.8% Italian and 7.3% American ancestry according to Census 2000. 93.1% spoke English and 5.1% Spanish as their first language.

There were 12,759 households, out of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.9% were married couples living together, 8.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.9% were non-families. 23.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.81.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 122.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 123.4 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $42,280, and the median income for a family was $51,226. Males had a median income of $39,697 versus $28,850 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,412. About 6.1% of families and 9.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.1% of those under age 18 and 5.4% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

Amador Vineyard

The Shenandoah Valley was once the principal viticultural region of California though not as well known as the Napa Valley AVA or Sonoma Valley AVA viticultural regions.^[32] With the discovery of gold, the area quickly became a mecca for those trying to make their fortune. In the process numerous wineries sprouted up, many of whose vineyards are still in use by wineries today. The decline of the California Gold Rush coupled with the onset of Prohibition devastated the wine-making region of Amador County. Today this area has been resurrected and is now home to over 40 different wineries. Amador County is known for its Zinfandel, but many other varietals are produced as well. Amador County has a high percentage of old Zinfandel vines. Some of the Zinfandel vineyards in this county are more than 125 years old^[when?], including the original Grandpère vineyard, planted with Zinfandel before 1869 and believed to be the oldest Zinfandel vineyard in America.^[33] This 10-acre (40,000 m²) vineyard is home to some of the oldest Zinfandel vines on earth, with proof of their existence dating to 1869 when it was listed as a descriptor on a deed from the U.S. Geological Survey. A grant deed in Amador County records further proves their existence in 1869.^{[citation needed]}

Politics, government, and policing

County Supervisors

The county is governed by a five-person elected Board of Supervisors and a County Administrator. The county seat is Jackson.

Policing

The unincorporated areas of Amador County are patrolled by the county sheriff's department, which also operates the county jail and protects the courts. Municipal police departments within the county are at Ione, Jackson, and Sutter Creek.

Voter registration statistics

Population and registered voters
Total eligible population[34]	29,593
Registered voters[34][note 3]	25,954	87.7%
Democratic[34]	7,065	23.8%
Republican[34]	12,251	41.3%
Democratic–Republican spread[34]	-5,186	-16.5%
American Independent[34]	1,427	4.8%
Libertarian[34]	516	1.7%
Green[34]	109	0.3%
Peace and Freedom[34]	81	0.2%
Other[34]	128	0.4%	Unknown[34]	32	0.1%
No party preference[34]	4,353	14.7%

Cities by population and voter registration

Cities by population and voter registration

City	Population[22]	Registered voters[35] [note 3]	Democratic[35]	Republican[35]	D–R spread[35]	Other[35]	No party preference[35]
Amador	158	83.5%	34.1%	41.7%	-7.6%	9.8%	18.2%
Ione	7,873	29.0%	27.3%	49.4%	-22.1%	11.4%	16.8%
Jackson	4,626	55.7%	32.3%	42.6%	-10.3%	11.2%	18.4%
Plymouth	1,055	49.4%	30.9%	38.8%	-7.9%	13.2%	22.5%
Sutter Creek	2,497	68.4%	35.9%	41.9%	-6.0%	9.6%	16.7%

Politics

United States presidential election results for Amador County, California^[36]

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	13,585	60.66%	8,153	36.40%	659	2.94%
2016	10,485	58.37%	6,004	33.42%	1,474	8.21%
2012	10,281	58.11%	6,830	38.60%	582	3.29%
2008	10,561	55.94%	7,813	41.38%	505	2.67%
2004	11,107	62.08%	6,541	36.56%	243	1.36%
2000	8,766	56.69%	5,906	38.19%	792	5.12%
1996	6,870	47.54%	5,868	40.60%	1,714	11.86%
1992	5,477	35.49%	5,286	34.25%	4,671	30.26%
1988	6,893	55.87%	5,197	42.12%	248	2.01%
1984	6,986	61.48%	4,188	36.86%	189	1.66%
1980	5,401	55.85%	3,191	33.00%	1,078	11.15%
1976	3,699	46.13%	4,037	50.35%	282	3.52%
1972	3,533	53.40%	2,705	40.89%	378	5.71%
1968	2,269	42.10%	2,440	45.27%	681	12.63%
1964	1,682	32.99%	3,410	66.89%	6	0.12%
1960	2,175	44.51%	2,690	55.04%	22	0.45%
1956	2,126	49.16%	2,181	50.43%	18	0.42%
1952	2,440	52.42%	2,169	46.60%	46	0.99%
1948	1,578	38.84%	2,334	57.45%	151	3.72%
1944	1,191	37.18%	1,976	61.69%	36	1.12%
1940	1,372	32.85%	2,762	66.14%	42	1.01%
1936	777	23.38%	2,506	75.41%	40	1.20%
1932	822	25.34%	2,367	72.97%	55	1.70%
1928	990	44.12%	1,246	55.53%	8	0.36%
1924	719	38.93%	316	17.11%	812	43.96%
1920	1,350	64.13%	639	30.36%	116	5.51%
1916	1,209	38.53%	1,766	56.28%	163	5.19%
1912	5	0.20%	1,622	64.80%	876	35.00%
1908	1,035	51.88%	874	43.81%	86	4.31%
1904	1,279	54.45%	915	38.95%	155	6.60%
1900	1,384	52.64%	1,209	45.99%	36	1.37%
1896	1,144	44.39%	1,398	54.25%	35	1.36%
1892	1,125	43.04%	1,255	48.01%	234	8.95%
1888	1,373	47.48%	1,429	49.41%	90	3.11%
1884	1,317	47.72%	1,358	49.20%	85	3.08%
1880	1,345	48.73%	1,411	51.12%	4	0.14%

Crime

The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense.

Population and crime rates
Population[22]	38,244
Violent crime[37]	107	2.80
Homicide[37]	1	0.03
Forcible rape[37]	10	0.26
Robbery[37]	10	0.26
Aggravated assault[37]	86	2.25
Property crime[37]	537	14.04
Burglary[37]	337	8.81
Larceny-theft[37][note 4]	459	12.00
Motor vehicle theft[37]	60	1.57
Arson[37]	2	0.05

Cities by population and crime rates

Cities by population and crime rates

City	Population[38]	Violent crimes[38]	Violent crime rate per 1,000 persons	Property crimes[38]	Property crime rate per 1,000 persons
Ione	7,977	10	1.25	109	13.66
Jackson	4,677	38	8.12	136	29.08
Sutter Creek	2,513	7	2.79	62	24.67

Education

There is one school district in Amador County: Amador County Unified School District.^[39]

Due to the low population of the area, there are few schools with small class sizes. In total for public schools, there are two high schools, two junior high schools, and six elementary schools.^[40] These numbers are in addition to two independent study schools, one charter school, and one continuing education school for adults. There are no colleges or universities within the county's borders.

Transportation

Major highways

• State Route 16
• State Route 26
• State Route 49
• State Route 88
• State Route 104
• State Route 124

Public transportation

Amador Transit provides service in Jackson and nearby communities. Connections to Calaveras County and a daily commuter bus to/from Sacramento leave from the Sutter Hill Transit Center in Sutter Creek.

Airport

Amador County Airport is a general aviation airport located near Jackson.

Communities

Cities

• Amador City
• Ione
• Jackson (county seat)
• Plymouth
• Sutter Creek

Unincorporated communities

• Amador Pines^{[note 5]}
• Buckhorn^{[note 5]}
• Buena Vista^{[note 5]}
• Camanche North Shore^{[note 5]}
• Camanche Village^{[note 5]}
• Carbondale
• Clinton
• Drytown^{[note 5]}
• Enterprise
• Fiddletown^{[note 5]}
• Kirkwood^{[note 5]}
• Lockwood^{[note 5]}
• Martell^{[note 5]}
• New Chicago
• Pine Acres
• Pine Grove^{[note 5]}
• Pioneer^{[note 5]}
• Red Corral^{[note 5]}
• River Pines^{[note 5]}
• Roaring Camp
• Sutter Hill
• Volcano^{[note 5]}

In popular culture

"The Luck of Roaring Camp" is a short story by American author Bret Harte. It was first published in the August 1868 issue of the Overland Monthly and helped push Harte to international prominence. Harte lived in this area during his "Gold Rush" period, and possibly based the story in a mining camp on the Mokelumne River.

The Gold Rush rock music festival took place at Lake Amador on October 4, 1969.^[41] Performers included Ike & Tina Turner, Santana, Bo Diddley, Albert Collins, and Taj Mahal.^[42]

In the 1993 movie Homeward Bound: The Incredible Journey, a map of Amador County is shown, as well as many other California counties.

See also

• California State Library – California Room Collection. Amador County Legal Records, 1853–1868.
• List of school districts in Amador County, California
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Amador County, California
• Amador High School

Notes

1. Other = Some other race + Two or more races
2. Native American = Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander + American Indian or Alaska Native
3. Percentage of registered voters with respect to total population. Percentages of party members with respect to registered voters follow.
4. Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.
5. For statistical purposes, defined by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place (CDP).

References

1. "Amador County". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
2. "Board of Supervisors | Amador County".
3. "Thunder Mountain". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
4. "Gross Domestic Product: All Industries in Amador County, CA". Federal Reserve Economic Data. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis.
5. "Amador County, California". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 30, 2022.
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29. Data unavailable
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External links

• Official website

38.44°N 120.66°W / 38.44; -120.66