Alan Cottrell

Sir Alan Howard Cottrell, FRS^[1] (17 July 1919 – 15 February 2012) was an English metallurgist and physicist. He was also former Chief Scientific Advisor to the UK Government and vice-chancellor of Cambridge University 1977–1979.

Sir Alan Cottrell FRS
Born	17 July 1919 Birmingham, Warwickshire (now West Midlands)
Died	15 February 2012(2012-02-15) (aged 92) Cambridge, Cambridgeshire
Nationality	English
Citizenship	British
Alma mater	University of Birmingham
Known for	Cottrell atmosphere Lomer–Cottrell junction Crack tip opening displacement
Awards	Fellow of the Royal Society[1] Hughes Medal (1961) Harvey Prize (1974) Rumford Medal (1974) Copley Medal (1996)
Scientific career
Fields	Metallurgist, Physicist

Solvay Conference on Physics in Brussels 1951. Left to right, sitting: Crussaro, N.P. Allen, Cauchois, Borelius, Bragg, Moller, Sietz, Hollomon, Frank; middle row: Rathenau,^(nl) Koster, Rudberg,^(sv), Flamache, Goche, Groven, Orowan, Burgers, Shockley, Guinier, C.S. Smith, Dehlinger, Laval, Henriot; top row: Gaspart, Lomer, Cottrell, Homes, Curien

Early life

Cottrell was educated at Moseley Grammar School and the University of Birmingham, where he gained a Bachelor of Science degree in 1939 and a PhD for research on welding in 1942.^[2]

Career

Cottrell joined the staff as a lecturer at Birmingham, being made professor in 1949, and transforming the teaching of the department by emphasising modern concepts of solid state physics.^[3] In 1955 he moved to A.E.R.E. Harwell, to become Deputy Head of Metallurgy under Monty Finniston.^[3]

From 1958 to 1965 Cottrell was Goldsmiths' Professor of Metallurgy at Cambridge University, and a fellow of Christ's College. He later worked for the government in various capacities, ultimately as Chief Scientific Adviser from 1971 to 1974,^[4] before becoming Master of Jesus College, Cambridge, from 1973 to 1986,^[5] and Vice-Chancellor of the university in 1977–1979.^[6]

Death

Cottrell died on 15 February 2012 after a brief illness.^[7]

Awards and honours

• 1955 Elected Fellow of the Royal Society^[8]
• 1961 Hughes Medal^[9]
• 1962 Francis J. Clamer Medal^[6]
• 1963 Royal Society Bakerian Medal
• 1965 He was the first to be awarded the A. A. Griffith Medal and Prize.^{[citation needed]}
• 1967 James Alfred Ewing Medal.^[10]
• 1969 Fernand Holweck Medal and Prize
• 1971 He was knighted.^[5]
• 1973 Honorary Degree (Doctor of Science) from the University of Bath.^[11]
• 1974 James Douglas Gold Medal^[12]
• 1982 Honorary doctorate from the University of Essex^[6]
• 1996 Copley Medal (the Royal Society's highest award)^[13][14]

He was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.^[15]

Selected books

• Theoretical Structural Metallurgy (1948) (E Arnold; 2nd Revised edition (1 January 1955)) (ISBN 0713120436)
• Dislocations and Plastic Flows in Crystals (1953) (ISBN 978-0198512066)
• Superconductivity (1964) (Harwood Academic (Medical, Reference and Social Sc; n edition (December 1964)) (ISBN 0677000650)
• An Introduction to Metallurgy (1967) (ISBN 978-0901716934)
• Portrait of Nature : the world as seen by modern science (1975) (ISBN 978-0684143552)
• How Safe is Nuclear Energy? (1982) (Heinemann Educational Publishers (29 June 1981)) (ISBN 0435541757)
• Concepts in the Electron Theory of Alloys (1998) (ISBN 978-1861250759)

See also

• Creep (deformation)

References

1. Smallman, R. E.; Knott, J. F. (2013). "Sir Alan Cottrell FRS FREng. 17 July 1919 – 15 February 2012". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 59: 93–124. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2012.0042.
2. Charles, J A (February 2012). "Sir Alan Howard Cottrell ScD, FRS, FREng, LLD (Hon)" (PDF). Academia Europaea. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
3. History of Metallurgy at Birmingham Engineering at Birmingham University
4. Scientists in Whitehall by Philip Gummett p49, available at Google books
5. Masters of Jesus College Archived 5 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine
6. Kaiser Danner (24 July 2017). "Alan Cottrell". Academia Europaea. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
7. "Sir Alan Cottrell FRS – Christs College Cambridge". Archived from the original on 27 May 2012. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
8. Knott, John (18 March 2012). "Sir Alan Cottrell obituary". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
9. Hughes archive winners 1989 – 1902 Royal Society
10. The International Who's Who 2004
11. "Corporate Information". Archived from the original on 25 May 2016. Retrieved 12 January 2017.
12. "Sir Alan Howard Cottrell". American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 19 December 2017.
13. Copley recent winners: 1990 – present day Royal Society
14. Holders of the Copley medal (1731–2005) Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press 2004
15. "The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences: Alan Cottrell". Archived from the original on 14 August 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2009.

External links

• The National Archives lists his reports
• Listen to an oral history interview with Sir Alan Cottrell – a life story interview recorded for An Oral History of British Science at the British Library
• Tribute by Prof Peter Hirsch
• Obituary, The Daily Telegraph, 19 February 2012
• Obituary by Dr J.A. Charles
• AIME James Douglas Gold Medal in 1974 Archived 22 September 2020 at the Wayback Machine Biography at The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers.

Government offices
Preceded by Sir Solly Zuckerman	Chief Scientific Adviser to the UK Government 1971–1974	Succeeded by Robert Press
Academic offices
Preceded by Sir Denys Page	Master of Jesus College, Cambridge 1973–1986	Succeeded by Colin Renfrew
Preceded by Dame Rosemary Murray	Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge 1977–1979	Succeeded by Sir Peter Swinnerton-Dyer