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2016–2020 Legislative Council of Hong Kong From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Sixth Legislative Council of Hong Kong was the sixth meeting of the legislative branch of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government. Running from 1 October 2016 to 31 December 2021, it was the longest legislative session in Hong Kong history, lasted for five years and three months. The term of the session was originally from 1 October 2016 to 30 September 2020, but was extended by the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) due to the postponement of the 2020 Legislative Council election.[1][2]
6th Legislative Council of Hong Kong | |||||
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Overview | |||||
Legislative body | Legislative Council | ||||
Jurisdiction | Hong Kong | ||||
Meeting place | Legislative Council Complex | ||||
Term | 1 October 2016 – 31 December 2021 | ||||
Election | 2016 election | ||||
Government | Leung Administration (2016-2017) Lam Administration (2017-2021) | ||||
Website | Sixth Legislative Council (2016–2021) | ||||
Members | 70 members | ||||
President | Andrew Leung (BPA) | ||||
Party control | Pro-Beijing camp |
The membership of the session was based on the results of the 2016 Legislative Council election, where the pro-Beijing camp retained the majority in the council and its flagship party Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB) continued to be the largest party. The anti-establishment camp, including the traditional pan-democrats and newly emerging localists secured the majority in the geographical constituencies and the one-third crucial minority which allowed them veto any government's proposal on constitutional reform. Notable new members include the post-Occupy activists, Demosisto's Nathan Law, 23, being the youngest member to be elected and Youngspiration's Yau Wai-ching, 25, being the youngest woman to be elected. Other new members include Eddie Chu, Lau Siu-lai, Sixtus Leung, Eunice Yung and Junius Ho.
The council never met its full membership of 70 members, as two Youngspiration legislators Yau Wai-ching and Sixtus Leung were disqualified by the court on 15 November 2016 over their oath-taking manner at the inauguration of the council. Four more pro-democracy legislators, Leung Kwok-hung, Nathan Law, Lau Siu-lai and Yiu Chung-yim were disqualified for the same reason on 14 July 2017, which left a total six vacant seats of which five of them were filled in the March and November by-elections, won by Vincent Cheng, Gary Fan, Au Nok-hin, Tony Tse and Chan Hoi-yan. Fan and Au were later unseated on 17 December 2019 as the by-election result was ruled as invalid by the court, followed by Chan's departure for the same reason.[3]
In 2019, the Carrie Lam administration's introduction of Fugitive Offenders and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Legislation (Amendment) Bill 2019 sparked an unprecedented clash in the council between the pro-Beijing and pro-democracy legislators, and later turned into a series of historic massive protests. Hundred of protesters stormed the Legislative Council Complex after the annual 1 July march and ransacked and vandalised the interior with anti-government slogans. The continued anti-government protests eventually led to the downfall of the bill on 4 September 2019.[4][5]
On 31 July 2020, Chief Executive Carrie Lam invoked the Emergency Regulations Ordinance to postpone the September general election for a whole year, citing the resurgence of COVID-19 cases and denying any political calculation to thwart opposition momentum and neutralise the pro-democracy movement.[6] The decision was backed by the NPCSC which in November 2021 disqualified four sitting pro-democracy legislators Alvin Yeung, Kwok Ka-ki, Dennis Kwok and Kenneth Leung on the grounds of the newly imposed national security law, which triggered the mass resignations of the remaining 15 pro-democracy legislators, leaving the council with a total number of 27 vacancies out of 70 seats.[7]
In March 2021 the NPCSC unveiled the drastic electoral overhauls to the Chief Executive and Legislative Council, bypassing the power of constitutional changes vested in the Legislative Council. After the passage of the amendments to Annex I and II of the Basic Law, the Carrie Lam administration tabled the Improving Electoral System (Consolidated Amendments) Bill 2021 which was passed in the pro-Beijing dominated Legislative Council with 40-to-2 vote on 27 May 2021.[8]
After the passage of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) amendment to the Annex I and the Annex II of the Basic Law of Hong Kong on 30 March 2021 to drastically change the existing electoral system of Hong Kong, the Carrie Lam administration began to roll out the local electoral legislation. On 13 April after the Executive Council passed the Improving Electoral System (Consolidated Amendments) Bill 2021, the government unveiled the 765-page bill with more details of the future electoral system.[13] A raft of changes to the Elections (Corrupt and Illegal Conduct) Ordinance was also included legislation to "regulate acts that manipulate or undermine elections", which would criminalise inciting people not to vote or cast blank or spoiled ballots. Violators could face up to three years in prison.[14] The pro-Beijing-dominated Legislative Council voted on the 369 amendments tabled by the government, before passing the bill with 40-to-2 vote on 27 May 2021. The only two opposition legislators, Civic Passion's Cheng Chung-tai said that the overhaul would be a real touchstone of the principle of "Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong", while Pierre Chan for the Medical constituency said that the new electoral system was a "regression in democracy."[15]
Affiliation | Election | At dissolution | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong | 12 | 13 | ||
Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong | 7 | 8 | ||
Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions | 5 | 4 | ||
Liberal Party | 4 | 4 | ||
New People's Party | 3 | 2 | ||
Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labour Unions | 1 | 1 | ||
New Century Forum | 1 | 1 | ||
Roundtable | 0 | 1 | ||
Independent | 7 | 7 | ||
Total for pro-Beijing camp | 40 | 41 | ||
Democratic Party | 7 | 0 | ||
Civic Party | 6 | 0 | ||
Professional Commons | 2 | 0 | ||
People Power | 1 | 0 | ||
League of Social Democrats | 1 | 0 | ||
Labour Party | 1 | 0 | ||
Demosisto | 1 | 0 | ||
Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre | 1 | 0 | ||
Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union | 1 | 0 | ||
HK First | 0 | 0# | ||
Neo Democrats | 0 | 0* | ||
Independent | 5 | 0 | ||
Total for pro-democracy camp | 26 | 0 | ||
Civic Passion | 1 | 0 | ||
Youngspiration | 2 | 0 | ||
Total for localist camp | 3 | 0 | ||
Non-aligned independent | 1 | 1 | ||
Vacant | 0 | 27 | ||
Total | 70 | 42 | ||
* The Neo Democrats won one seat in the New Territories East by-election, but lost it after a court declared Gary Fan not duly elected.
# Resigned en masse with pro-democracy camp.
Date | Affiliation | Total | Vacant | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Localist | Pro-democracy | Non-aligned | Pro-Beijing | |||||
End of previous LegCo | 1 | 26 | 1 | 42 | 70 | 0 | ||
I | Begin (1 October 2016) | 6 | 23 | 1 | 40 | 70 | 0 | |
7 October 2016 | 3 | 26 | ||||||
15 November 2016 | 1 | 68 | 2 | |||||
14 July 2017 | 22 | 64 | 6 | |||||
II | 11 March 2018 | 24 | 42 | 68 | 2 | |||
III | 25 November 2018 | 43 | 69 | 1 | ||||
IV | 17 December 2019 | 22 | 67 | 3 | ||||
1 June 2020 | 42 | 66 | 4 | |||||
18 September 2020 | 41 | 65 | 5 | |||||
30 September 2020 | 19 | 62 | 8 | |||||
V | 11 November 2020 | 15 | 58 | 12 | ||||
13 November 2020 | 13 | 56 | 14 | |||||
1 December 2020 | 0 | 43 | 27 | |||||
26 August 2021 | 0 | 42 | 28 | |||||
Legislative Council of Hong Kong seat composition by party at dissolution.
Non-aligned (1)
Vacant (28)
Pro-Beijing (41)
All members are listed by seniority according to the year of the beginning of consecutive service then the order of swearing in (i.e. the number of strokes in the traditional characters of names in Chinese per precedent) with the president of the Legislative Council being ranked first.
Members who did not serve throughout the term are italicised. Supplementary members elected in by-elections are listed below.
Key to changes since legislative election:
Capacity | Constituency | Portrait | Elected Members | Elected Party | Political Alignment | Born | Occupation(s) | Assumed Office | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
President of the Legislative Council | |||||||||
FC | Industrial (First) | ![]() |
Andrew Leung | BPA | Pro-Beijing | 24 February 1951 | Merchant | 2004 | |
Other members | |||||||||
FC | District Council (Second) | ![]() |
James To[lower-alpha 1] | Democratic | Pro-democracy | 11 March 1963 | Solicitor | 1998 | |
FC | District Council (Second) | ![]() |
Leung Yiu-chung[lower-alpha 1] | NWSC | Pro-democracy | 19 May 1953 | Legislative Councillor | 1998 | |
FC | Real Estate and Construction | ![]() |
Abraham Shek | BPA | Pro-Beijing | 24 June 1945 | Company Director | 2000 | |
FC | Catering | ![]() |
Tommy Cheung | Liberal | Pro-Beijing | 30 September 1949 | Merchant Legislative Councillor |
2000 | |
FC | Health Services | ![]() |
Joseph Lee[lower-alpha 1] | Independent | Pro-democracy | 14 August 1959 | Dean and Professor | 2004 | |
FC | Commercial (First) | ![]() |
Jeffrey Lam | BPA | Pro-Beijing | 23 October 1951 | Merchant | 2004 | |
FC | Import and Export | ![]() |
Wong Ting-kwong | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 12 September 1949 | Merchant | 2004 | |
FC | District Council (Second) | ![]() |
Starry Lee | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 13 March 1974 | Accountant Legislative Councillor |
2008 | |
GC | New Territories East | ![]() |
Chan Hak-kan | DAB/NTAS | Pro-Beijing | 24 April 1976 | Legislative Councillor | 2008 | |
FC | Insurance | ![]() |
Chan Kin-por | Independent | Pro-Beijing | 10 May 1954 | Legislative Councillor Chief Executive |
2008 | |
GC | Kowloon West | ![]() |
Priscilla Leung | BPA/KWND | Pro-Beijing | 18 November 1960 | Associate Professor Barrister-at-law |
2008 | |
GC | Kowloon East | ![]() |
Wong Kwok-kin | FTU | Pro-Beijing | 3 May 1952 | Legislative Councillor | 2008 | |
GC | Hong Kong Island | ![]() |
Regina Ip | NPP | Pro-Beijing | 24 August 1950 | Chair of Savantas Policy Institute | 2008 | |
GC | Kowloon East | ![]() |
Paul Tse | Independent | Pro-Beijing | 21 January 1959 | Solicitor | 2008 | |
GC | New Territories Eastb | ![]() |
Leung Kwok-hung[lower-alpha 2] | LSD/AFA | Pro-democracy | 18 January 1957 | Legislative Councillor | 2010 (b) | |
GC | Kowloon West | ![]() |
Claudia Mo[lower-alpha 3] | Civica | Pro-democracy | 27 March 1956 | N/A | 2012 | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Michael Tien | NPPa | Pro-Beijing | 26 August 1950 | Legislative Councillor Entrepreneur |
2012 | |
FC | Agriculture and Fisheries | ![]() |
Steven Ho | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 30 November 1979 | Legislative Councillor | 2012 | |
FC | Transport | ![]() |
Frankie Yick | Liberal | Pro-Beijing | 1953 | Company Director | 2012 | |
GC | Kowloon East | ![]() |
Wu Chi-wai[lower-alpha 1] | Democratic | Pro-democracy | 18 October 1962 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2012 | |
FC | Tourism | ![]() |
Yiu Si-wing | Independent | Pro-Beijing | 1955 | Deputy chair of China Travel Service | 2012 | |
FC | Sports, Performing Arts, Culture and Publication |
![]() |
Ma Fung-kwok | New Forum | Pro-Beijing | 22 July 1955 | Managing Director | 2012 | |
FC | Information Technology | ![]() |
Charles Mok[lower-alpha 1] | Prof Commons | Pro-democracy | 25 October 1964 | Legislative Councillor | 2012 | |
GC | New Territories East | ![]() |
Chan Chi-chuen[lower-alpha 4] | People Power | Pro-democracy | 16 April 1972 | Legislative Councillor | 2012 | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Chan Han-pan | DAB/NTAS | Pro-Beijing | 1975 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2012 | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Leung Che-cheung | DAB/NTAS | Pro-Beijing | 3 December 1957 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2012 | |
FC | Accountancy | ![]() |
Kenneth Leung[lower-alpha 5] | Prof Commons | Pro-democracy | 17 October 1962 | Tax Consultant Accountant |
2012 | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Alice Mak | FTU | Pro-Beijing | 1 November 1971 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2012 | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Kwok Ka-ki[lower-alpha 5] | Civic | Pro-democracy | 20 July 1961 | Urologist | 2012 | |
GC | Hong Kong Island | ![]() |
Kwok Wai-keung | FTU | Pro-Beijing | 15 April 1978 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2012 | |
FC | Legal | ![]() |
Dennis Kwok[lower-alpha 5] | Civic (Prof Commons) | Pro-democracy | 15 April 1978 | Barrister-at-law | 2012 | |
FC | Financial Services | ![]() |
Christopher Cheung | BPA | Pro-Beijing | 2 May 1952 | Securities Dealer | 2012 | |
GC | New Territories East | ![]() |
Fernando Cheung[lower-alpha 1] | Labour | Pro-democracy | 23 February 1957 | Lecturer | 2012 | |
GC | Kowloon West | ![]() |
Helena Wong[lower-alpha 1] | Democratic | Pro-democracy | 21 March 1959 | Lecturer | 2012 | |
FC | Education | ![]() |
Ip Kin-yuen[lower-alpha 1] | PTU | Pro-democracy | 1961 | Legislative Councillor Teacher |
2012 | |
GC | New Territories East | ![]() |
Elizabeth Quat | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 23 December 1966 | Legislative Councillor | 2012 | |
FC | Commercial (Second) | ![]() |
Martin Liao | Independent | Pro-Beijing | 1957 | Barrister-at-law | 2012 | |
FC | Labour | ![]() |
Poon Siu-ping | FLU | Pro-Beijing | 1957 | Trade Union Staff | 2012 | |
GC | Kowloon West | ![]() |
Chiang Lai-wan | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 16 May 1955 | Legislative Councillor | 2012 | |
FC | Engineering | ![]() |
Lo Wai-kwok | BPA | Pro-Beijing | 25 December 1953 | Engineer | 2012 | |
FC | Textiles and Garment | ![]() |
Chung Kwok-pan | Liberal | Pro-Beijing | 4 November 1963 | Merchant | 2012 | |
GC | New Territories East | ![]() |
Alvin Yeung[lower-alpha 5] | Civic | Pro-democracy | 5 June 1981 | Barrister-at-law | 2016 (b) | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Andrew Wan[lower-alpha 1] | Democratic | Pro-democracy | 7 June 1969 | Legislative Councillor | 2016 | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Eddie Chu[lower-alpha 4] | Independent | Localist Pro-democracy |
29 September 1977 | Community Organiser | 2016 | |
FC | Industrial (Second) | ![]() |
Jimmy Ng | Independenta | Pro-Beijing | 17 June 1969 | Company Director | 2016 | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Junius Ho | Independent | Pro-Beijing | 4 June 1962 | Solicitor | 2016 | |
FC | Labour | ![]() |
Ho Kai-ming[lower-alpha 6] | FTU | Pro-Beijing | 6 January 1985 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2016 | |
GC | New Territories East | ![]() |
Lam Cheuk-ting[lower-alpha 1] | Democratic | Pro-democracy | 13 June 1977 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2016 | |
FC | District Council (Second) | ![]() |
Holden Chow | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 7 June 1979 | Solicitor | 2016 | |
FC | Wholesale and Retail | ![]() |
Shiu Ka-fai | Liberal | Pro-Beijing | 22 April 1970 | Company Director | 2016 | |
FC | Social Welfare | ![]() |
Shiu Ka-chun[lower-alpha 1] | Independent | Pro-democracy | 3 June 1969 | University Teacher | 2016 | |
GC | Kowloon East | ![]() |
Wilson Or | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 9 July 1973 | Legislative Councillor | 2016 | |
GC | New Territories East | ![]() |
Yung Hoi-yan | NPP | Pro-Beijing | 7 June 1977 | Barrister-at-law | 2016 | |
FC | Medical | ![]() |
Pierre Chan | Independent | Non-aligned | 18 August 1967 | Doctor | 2016 | |
FC | Finance | ![]() |
Chan Chun-ying | Independent | Pro-Beijing | 1961 | Advisor | 2016 | |
GC | Hong Kong Island | ![]() |
Tanya Chan[lower-alpha 7] | Civica | Pro-democracy | 14 September 1971 | Barrister-at-law | 2016 | |
GC | Hong Kong Island | ![]() |
Cheung Kwok-kwan | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 30 June 1974 | Solicitor | 2016 | |
GC | Hong Kong Island | ![]() |
Hui Chi-fung[lower-alpha 3] | Democratic | Pro-democracy | 8 June 1982 | Legislative Councillor | 2016 | |
FC | Labour | ![]() |
Luk Chung-hung | FTU | Pro-Beijing | 21 September 1978 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2016 | |
FC | District Council (First) | ![]() |
Lau Kwok-fan | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 28 June 1978 | Legislative Councillor | 2016 | |
FC | Heung Yee Kuk | ![]() |
Kenneth Lau | BPA | Pro-Beijing | 1966 | Merchant | 2016 | |
GC | New Territories West | ![]() |
Cheng Chung-tai[lower-alpha 8] | Civic Passion | Localist | 5 November 1983 | Legislative Councillor | 2016 | |
FC | District Council (Second) | ![]() |
Kwong Chun-yu[lower-alpha 1] | Democratic | Pro-democracy | 9 February 1983 | Legislative Councillor | 2016 | |
GC | Kowloon East | ![]() |
Jeremy Tam[lower-alpha 1] | Civic | Pro-democracy | 13 June 1975 | Pilot | 2016 | |
GC | Hong Kong Islandb | ![]() |
Nathan Law[lower-alpha 2] | Demosisto | Localist Pro-democracy |
13 July 1993 | Legislative Councillor | 2016 | |
FC | Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscapeb |
![]() |
Yiu Chung-yim[lower-alpha 2] | Independent | Pro-democracy | 19 July 1964 | Lecturer | 2016 | |
GC | Kowloon Westb | ![]() |
Lau Siu-lai[lower-alpha 2] | Independent | Localist Pro-democracy |
3 August 1976 | Lecturer | 2016 | |
GC | New Territories Eastb | ![]() |
Sixtus Leung c [lower-alpha 9] | Youngspiration | Localist | 7 August 1986 | N/A | 2016 | |
GC | Kowloon Westb | ![]() |
Yau Wai-ching c [lower-alpha 9] | Youngspiration | Localist | 6 May 1991 | N/A | 2016 | |
Supplementary members | |||||||||
GC | New Territories East | ![]() |
Gary Fan[lower-alpha 10] | Neo Democrats | Pro-democracy | 30 October 1966 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2018 (b) | |
GC | Hong Kong Island | ![]() |
Au Nok-hin[lower-alpha 10] | Independent | Pro-democracy | 18 June 1987 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2018 (b) | |
GC | Kowloon West | ![]() |
Vincent Cheng | DAB | Pro-Beijing | 18 July 1979 | Legislative Councillor District Councillor |
2018 (b) | |
FC | Architectural, Surveying, Planning and Landscape |
![]() |
Tony Tse | Independent | Pro-Beijing | 27 October 1954 | Surveyor | 2018 (b) | |
GC | Kowloon West | ![]() |
Chan Hoi-yan[lower-alpha 11] | Independent | Pro-Beijing | 19 November 1977 | Legislative Councillor | 2018 (b) | |
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