1990 London summit

The 1990 London summit was the 11th NATO summit since 1949.^[1] The ones before had been in November 1985, March 1988 and May 1989.

NATO Summit London 1990 1990 London Summit
Host country	United Kingdom
Date	5–6 July 1990
Cities	London

It was held in London on 5–6 July 1990. The principal outcome of the summit was the London Declaration on a Transformed North Atlantic Alliance.^[1]

The declaration, shaped in the midst of a changing Europe (→ Revolutions of 1989), called for substantial changes in the organisation to ensure it could adapt to a rapidly evolving political landscape.^[2] Additionally, the declaration called for reductions in short-range nuclear capabilities, and re-focusing its long-term strategic plans with associated changes to the structure and quantity of its military.

The declaration reinforced a message given days earlier stating that NATO no longer saw the Warsaw Pact countries as enemies,^[3] and opening up channels for communication and aid with the former eastern bloc states.^[4] NATO extended a "hand of friendship" to eastern European nations.^[5]

One year later, on 20 December 1991, NATO and former members of the Warsaw Pact formed the North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC), now called the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council.

Other

The Paris Charter was adopted by a summit meeting of most European governments in addition to those of Canada, the United States and the Soviet Union, in Paris from 19 to 21 November 1990. The charter was established on the foundation of the Helsinki Accords, and was further amended in the 1999 Charter for European Security. Together, these documents form the agreed basis for the OSCE (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe).

On 1 July 1991, the Warsaw Pact was officially dissolved at a meeting in Prague. At a summit later that same month, USSR President Mikhail Gorbachev and US President George H. W. Bush declared a US–Soviet strategic partnership, decisively marking the end of the Cold War.

See also

• Message from Turnberry

External links

• 1990 Summit: a turning point in 'East-West' relations (includes links to Verbatim records and other links)
• Declaration on a transformed North Atlantic Alliance issued by the Heads of State and Government participating in the meeting of the North Atlantic Council (The London Declaration)

References

1. "NATO e-Library: Summits and ministerial meetings". nato.int. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
2. "NATO's Command Structure: The Old and the New". nato.int. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
3. Rimanelli, Marco (14 September 2009). The A to Z of NATO and Other International Security Organizations. Scarecrow Press. p. 94. ISBN 978-0810868991.
4. "United States Security Strategy for Europe and Nato". United States Depeartment of Defense. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
5. "1990 Summit: a turning point in 'East-West' relations". nato.int. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Retrieved 26 March 2017.