12th G7 summit

The 12th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo, Japan between May 4 and May 6, 1986. The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo, Japan.^[2]

12th G7 summit
State Guesthouse, Akasaka Palace[1]
Host country	Japan
Dates	May 4–6, 1986
Venue(s)	Tokyo Imperial Palace
Cities	Tokyo
Follows	11th G7 summit
Precedes	13th G7 summit

The Group of Seven (G7) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada (since 1976),^[3] and the President of the European Commission (starting officially in 1981).^[4] The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France's president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany's chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six (G6) summit in 1975.^[5]

Leaders at the summit

Summit leaders at the Tokyo Imperial Palace Gardens: (left to right) Jacques Delors, Bettino Craxi, Ruud Lubbers, Helmut Kohl, Ronald Reagan, Yasuhiro Nakasone, François Mitterrand, Margaret Thatcher, and Brian Mulroney

The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, the European Commission, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.^[4]

The 12th G7 summit was the last summit for Italian Prime Minister Bettino Craxi.

Participants

These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:^[6][2][7]

Core G7 members Host state and leader are shown in bold text.
Member		Represented by	Title
	Canada	Brian Mulroney	Prime Minister
	France	François Mitterrand	President
	West Germany	Helmut Kohl	Chancellor
	Italy	Bettino Craxi	Prime Minister
	Japan	Yasuhiro Nakasone	Prime Minister
	United Kingdom	Margaret Thatcher	Prime Minister
	United States	Ronald Reagan	President
	European Community	Jacques Delors	President of the Commission
		Ruud Lubbers	President of the Council

Issues

The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions.^[5]

Gallery of participating leaders

Core G7 participants

• 
  Canada
  Brian Mulroney,
  Prime Minister
• 
  France
  François Mitterrand,
  President
• 
  Germany
  Helmut Kohl,
  Chancellor
• 
  Italy
  Bettino Craxi,
  Prime Minister
• 
  Japan
  Yasuhiro Nakasone,
  Prime Minister (Host)
• 
  United Kingdom
  Margaret Thatcher,
  Prime Minister
• 
  United States Ronald Reagan, President

• 
  European Community
  Jacques Delors,
  Commission President
• 
  European Community
  Ruud Lubbers,
  Prime Minister of the Netherlands, rotating Council President

See also

• G8

Notes

1. Cabinet Office, Government of Japan; State Guest House, Akasaka Palace Archived 2013-11-04 at the Wayback Machine; retrieved 2013-6-19.
2. Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA): Summit Meetings in the Past.
3. Saunders, Doug. "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders," Archived 2008-10-11 at the Wayback Machine Globe and Mail (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the Group of Eight (G7) with the inclusion of Russia starting in 1997.
4. Reuters: "Factbox: The Group of Eight: what is it?", July 3, 2008.
5. Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations, p. 205.
6. Rieffel, Lex. "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV)," Archived June 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Brookings. March 27, 2009; "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site). Archived June 2, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
7. MOFA: Summit (12); European Union: "EU and the G8" Archived 2007-02-26 at the Wayback Machine

References

• Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-1185-1; OCLC 43186692( Archived 2012-11-10 at the Wayback Machine 2009-04-29)
• Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-16486-3; ISBN 978-0-203-45085-7; OCLC 39013643

External links

• No official website is created for any G7 summit prior to 1995 -- see the 21st G7 summit.
• University of Toronto: G8 Research Group, G8 Information Centre
  • G7 1986, delegations & documents