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Euro banknote From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The one hundred euro note (100 €) is one of the higher value euro banknotes and has been used since the introduction of the euro (in its cash form) in 2002.[7] The note is used daily by some 343 million Europeans and in the 25 countries which have it as their sole currency (with 23 legally adopting it).[8] In July 2024, there were approximately 3 987 000 000 hundred euro banknotes in circulation in the eurozone. It is the third most widely circulated denomination, accounting for 13.3% of the total banknotes.[9]
| (European Union[1]) | |
|---|---|
| Value | 100 euros |
| Width | 147 mm |
| Height | 82 (1st series) 77 (Europa series)[2] mm |
| Security features | A hologram patch with perforations, a EURion constellation, watermarks, microprinting, ultraviolet ink, raised printing, a security thread, matted surface, see-through number, colour-changing ink, barcodes and a serial number[2] |
| Material used | Cotton fibre[3] |
| Years of printing | 1999–2018 (1st series)[4] Since 2018 (Europa series)[4] |
| Obverse | |
 | |
| Design | Window in the baroque and rococo style.[5] |
| Designer | Robert Kalina[6] |
| Design date | 17 September 2018[6] |
| Reverse | |
 | |
| Design | Bridge in the baroque and rococo style and map of Europe.[5] |
| Designer | Robert Kalina[6] |
| Design date | 17 September 2018[6] |
It is the third largest note, measuring 147 millimetres (5.8 in) × 82 millimetres (3.2 in) and has a green colour scheme.[5] The hundred euro notes depict bridges and arches/doorways in the baroque and rococo style (17th and 18th centuries). The hundred euro note contains several complex security features such as watermarks, invisible ink, holograms and microprinting that document its authenticity.
The new banknotes of the Europa series 100 euro banknote were released on 28 May 2019.[10]
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The euro was founded on 1 January 1999, when it became the currency of over 300 million people in Europe.[4] For the first three years of its existence it was an invisible currency, only used in accountancy. euro cash was not introduced until 1 January 2002, when it replaced the national banknotes and coins of the countries in eurozone 12, such as the French franc and the Spanish peseta.[4]
Slovenia joined the eurozone in 2007,[11] Cyprus and Malta in 2008,[12] Slovakia in 2009,[13] Estonia in 2011,[14] Latvia in 2014,[15] Lithuania in 2015[16] and Croatia in 2023.[17]
The changeover period during which the former currencies' notes and coins were exchanged for those of the euro lasted about two months, going from 1 January 2002 until 28 February 2002. The official date on which the national currencies ceased to be legal tender varied from member state to member state.[4] The earliest date was in Germany, where the mark officially ceased to be legal tender on 31 December 2001, though the exchange period lasted for two months more. Even after the old currencies ceased to be legal tender, they continued to be accepted by national central banks for periods ranging from ten years to forever.[4][18]
Notes printed before November 2003 bear the signature of the first president of the European Central Bank, Wim Duisenberg, who was replaced on 1 November 2003 by Jean-Claude Trichet, whose signature appears on issues from November 2003 to March 2012. Notes issued after March 2012 bear the signature of the third president of the European Central Bank, Mario Draghi.[5]
Two series of euro notes are in circulation together. The European Central Bank will, in due course, announce when banknotes from the first series are to lose legal tender status.[19]
The first series notes do not reflect the expansion of the European Union: Cyprus is not depicted on these notes as the map does not extend far enough east, and Malta is also missing as it does not meet the current series' minimum size for depiction.[20] The second series of banknotes has now been issued, with new production and anti-counterfeiting techniques, but the design is of the same theme and colours identical to the first series; bridges and arches. However, they are still recognisable as a new series.[21]
The one hundred euro note measures at 147 millimetres (5.8 in) × 82 millimetres (3.2 in) and has a green colour scheme.[5] All bank notes depict bridges and arches/doorways in a different historical European style; the hundred euro note shows the baroque and rococo style (17th and 18th centuries).[22] Although Robert Kalina's original designs were intended to show real monuments, for political reasons the bridge and art are merely hypothetical examples of the architectural era.[23]
Like all euro notes, it contains the denomination, the EU flag, the signature of the president of the ECB and the initials of said bank in different EU languages, a depiction of EU territories overseas, the stars from the EU flag and twelve security features as listed below.[5]
The hundred euro note is protected by:
The 100 euro notes are made of pure cotton fiber, which improves their durability as well as giving the banknotes a distinctive feel.[3] The printer code is positioned at the right of 9 o'clock star.[28]
The European Central Bank closely monitors the circulation and stock of the euro coins and banknotes. It is a task of the eurosystem to ensure an efficient and smooth supply of euro notes and to maintain their integrity throughout the euro area.[29]
In December 2023, there were 3 949 538 638 hundred euro banknotes in circulation around the euro area,[29] with a total value of 394 953 863 800 €.
This is a net number, i.e. the number of banknotes issued by the eurosystem central banks, without further distinction as to who is holding the currency issued, thus also including the stocks held by credit institutions.
Besides the date of the introduction of the first set to January 2002, the publication of figures is more significant through the maximum number of banknotes raised each year.[clarification needed] The number is higher the end of the year.
The figures are as follows:
| Date | Banknotes | € Value | Date | Banknotes | € Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 2002 | 364,031,436 | 36,403,143,600 | December 2010 | 1,551,066,921 | 155,106,692,100 |
| December 2002 | 673,170,705 | 67,317,070,500 | December 2011 | 1,649,945,591 | 164,994,559,100 |
| December 2003 | 809,767,028 | 80,976,702,800 | December 2012 | 1,706,141,626 | 170,614,162,600 |
| December 2004 | 919,398,800 | 91,939,880,000 | December 2013 | 1,850,015,381 | 185,001,538,100 |
| December 2005 | 1,018,442,381 | 101,844,238,100 | December 2014 | 2,016,165,717 | 201,616,571,700 |
| December 2006 | 1,116,412,654 | 111,641,265,400 | December 2015 | 2,144,782,443 | 214,478,244,300 |
| December 2007 | 1,209,329,905 | 120,932,990,500 | December 2016 | 2,432,578,136 | 243,257,813,600 |
| December 2008 | 1,381,014,947 | 138,101,494,700 | December 2017 | 2,623,675,137 | 262,367,513,700 |
| December 2009 | 1,471,861,127 | 147,186,112,700 | December 2018 | 2,804,486,391 | 280,448,639,100 |
On 28 May 2019, a new 'Europe' series was issued.
The first series of notes were issued in conjunction with those for a few weeks in the series 'Europe' until existing stocks are exhausted, then gradually withdrawn from circulation.[clarification needed] Both series thus run parallel but the proportion tends inevitably to a sharp decrease in the first series.
| Date | Banknotes | € Value | Series '1' remainder [clarification needed] |
€ Value | Proportion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December 2019 | 3,051,003,315 | 305,100,331,500 | 2,519,442,151 | 251,944,215,100 | 82.6% |
| December 2020 | 3,366,199,769 | 336,619,976,900 | 2,260,239,741 | 226,023,974,100 | 67.1% |
| December 2021 | 3,668,655,199 | 366,865,519,900 | 2,056,740,830 | 205,674,083,000 | 56.1% |
| December 2022 | 3,928,099,612 | 392,809,961,200 | 1,813,369,801 | 181,336,980,100 | 46.2% |
| December 2023 | 3,949,538,638 | 394,953,863,800 | 1,592,787,151 | 159,278,715,100 | 40.3% |
The latest figures provided by the ECB are the following :
| Date | Banknotes | € Value | Series '1' remainder | € Value | Proportion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July 2024 | 3,986,524,171 | 398,652,417,100 | 1,487,169,987 | 148,716,998,700 | 37.3% |
Legally, both the European Central Bank and the central banks of the eurozone countries have the right to issue the 7 different euro banknotes. In practice, only the national central banks of the zone physically issue and withdraw euro banknotes. The European Central Bank does not have a cash office and is not involved in any cash operations.[4]
There are several communities of people at European level, most of which is EuroBillTracker,[30] that, as a hobby, it keeps track of the euro banknotes that pass through their hands, to keep track and know where they travel or have traveled.[30] The aim is to record as many notes as possible in order to know details about its spread, like from where and to where they travel in general, follow it up, like where a ticket has been seen in particular, and generate statistics and rankings, for example, in which countries there are more tickets.[30] EuroBillTracker has registered over 176 million notes as of May 2018,[31] worth more than 3.257 mld. euros.[31]
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