1-Aminopropan-2-ol is the organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)CH2NH2. It is an amino alcohol. The term isopropanolamine may also refer more generally to the additional homologs diisopropanolamine (DIPA) and triisopropanolamine (TIPA).
Names | |
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Preferred IUPAC name
1-Aminopropan-2-ol | |
Other names
1-Amino-2-propanol Isopropanolamine MIPA; Threamine | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
ECHA InfoCard | 100.001.057 |
EC Number |
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KEGG | |
PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C3H9NO | |
Molar mass | 75.111 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | liquid |
Odor | ammonia-like |
Density | 0.973 g/mL (18 °C) [1] |
Melting point | 1.74 °C (35.13 °F; 274.89 K) |
Boiling point | 159.46 °C (319.03 °F; 432.61 K) |
soluble | |
Solubility | soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, benzene, CCl4 |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.4479 |
Hazards | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | 77 °C (171 °F; 350 K) |
374 °C (705 °F; 647 K) | |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
4.26 g/kg (rat, oral) |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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1-Aminopropan-2-ol is chiral. It can be prepared by the addition of aqueous ammonia to propylene oxide.[2]
Biosynthesis
(R)-1-Aminopropan-2-ol is one of the components incorporated in the biosynthesis of cobalamin. The O-phosphate ester is produced from threonine by the enzyme Threonine-phosphate decarboxylase.[3][4]
Applications
The isopropanolamines are used as buffers. They are good solubilizers of oil and fat, so they are used to neutralize fatty acids and sulfonic acid-based surfactants. Racemic 1-aminopropan-2-ol is typically used in metalworking fluid, waterborne coatings, personal care products, and in the production of titanium dioxide and polyurethanes.[5] It is an intermediate in the synthesis of a variety of pharmaceutical drugs.[citation needed]
(R)-1-aminopropan-2-ol is metabolised to aminoacetone by the enzyme (R)-aminopropanol dehydrogenase.[6]
Synthesis of Hexylcaine is one application.
References
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