Burgh

En burgh er en autonom kommune i Skotland og Nordengland, normalt en city, by eller toun på skotsk. Denne type subnational enhed eksisterede fra 1100-tallet, hvor kong David 1. etablerede den første royal burgh i form af Berwick. I 1130 havde han etableret andre burghs i Edinburgh, Stirling, Dunfermline, Haddington, Perth, Dumfries, Jedburgh, Montrose og Lanark.^[1]

Royal Burgh i Culross, Fife.

Burgh-status blev i høj grad synonym med borough-status, der findes i resten af Storbritannien. Ved reorganiseringen af lokale myndigheder i 1975 blev betegnelsen burgh primært en ceremoniel værdi, mens titlen "royal burgh" fortsat findes i mange byer.

Toponomi

Burgh er et almindelig anvendt suffix i mange række stednavn i Storbritannien, særligt i Skotland og Nordengland, samt andre steder, hvor britonerne bosatte sig.

England

• Alburgh
• Aldeburgh
• Bamburgh
• Barnburgh
• Bawburgh
• Blythburgh
• Burghfield
• Carrawburgh
• Chedburgh
• Dickleburgh
• Drumburgh
• Dunstanburgh
• Fleggburgh
• Flookburgh
• Grundisburgh
• Happisburgh
• Hoo St Werburgh
• Ickburgh
• Kettleburgh
• Longburgh
• Mayburgh Henge
• Newburgh
• Oxburgh Hall
• Rumburgh
• Ryburgh
• Shuckburgh
• Smallburgh
• Southburgh
• St Werburghs
• Tasburgh
• Whinburgh
• Winfrith Newburgh
• Yarburgh

Skotland

• Branderburgh
• Dryburgh
• Edinburgh
• Fraserburgh
• Helensburgh
• Jedburgh
• Leverburgh
• Maryburgh
• Musselburgh
• Newburgh (disambiguation)
• Osnaburgh
• Roxburgh
• Salsburgh
• Winchburgh
• Williamsburgh
• Kingsburgh

Andre

• Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
• Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, USA
• Greenburgh, New York, USA
• Hamptonburgh, New York, USA
• Plattsburgh, New York, USA
• Newburgh, New York, USA
• Edinburgh, Indiana, USA
• Edithburgh, South Australia
• Louisburgh (County Mayo), Irland

Og som stednavn i vestgermaniske lande:

• Burgh (Renfrewshire), Skotland
• Burgh (Holland) - by i Holland i Schouwen-Duiveland.
• Burgh (Suffolk), England
• Burgh by Sands, Cumbria, England (udtalt som Bruff by Sands)
• Burgh Castle, Suffolk, England
• Burgh le Marsh, Lincolnshire, England
• Burgh on Bain, Lincolnshire, England
• Burgh Island, Devon, England
• Burgh next Aylsham, Norfolk, England
• Burgh St Margaret, Norfolk, England
• Burgh St Peter, Norfolk, England
• Burgh Hill, (Wealdon), Sussex
• Burgh Hill, (Rother), Sussex
• Burgh Heath, Surrey

Referencer

1. J Mackay, The Convention of Royal Burghs of Scotland, From its Origin down to the Completion of the Treaty of Union between England and Scotland in 1707, Co-operative Printing Co. Ltd, Edinburgh 1884, p.2