Bruger:Pugilist/Sandkasse/Nr4
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Skabelon:Distinguish
- For doomsday speculation concerning Planet Nine, se Nibiru cataclysm#Planet Nine.
Skabelon:Use dmy dates Skabelon:Good article Skabelon:Infobox planet
Planet Nine is a hypothetical planet in the outer region of the Solar System. Its gravitational influence could explain a statistical anomaly in the distribution of orbits of a group of distant trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) found mostly beyond the Kuiper belt in the scattered disc region.[1][2][3] This undiscovered super-Earth-sized planet would have an estimated mass of ten Earths, a diameter two to four times that of Earth, and an elongated orbit lasting approximately 15,000 years.[4][5] To date, efforts to detect Planet Nine have failed.[6][7] Speculation that the clustering of the orbits of the most distant objects was due to a ninth planet began in 2014 when astronomers Chad Trujillo and Scott S. Sheppard noted the similarities in the orbits of Sedna and Skabelon:Mpl and several other objects.[2] In early 2016, Konstantin Batygin and Michael E. Brown described how the similar orbits of six TNOs could be explained by Planet Nine and proposed a possible orbit for the planet.[1] This hypothesis could also explain TNOs with orbits perpendicular to the inner planets[1] and others with extreme inclinations,[8] as well as the tilt of the Sun's axis.[9]
Batygin and Brown suggest that Planet Nine is the core of a primordial giant planet that was ejected from its original orbit by Jupiter during the genesis of the Solar System.[10][11] Others have proposed that the planet was captured from another star,[12] is a captured rogue planet,[13] or that it formed on a distant orbit and was scattered onto an eccentric orbit by a passing star.[1][14][15]
Object | Orbit | Orbital plane | Body | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barycentric[upper-alpha 1] Orbital period (years) |
Barycentric Semimajor axis (AU) |
Perihelion (AU) |
Barycentric Aphelion (AU) |
Current distance from Sun (AU) |
Eccent. | Argum. peri ω (°) |
inclin. i (°) |
Longitude of | Hv | Current mag. |
Diameter (km) | ||
Ascending node ☊ or Ω (°) |
Perihelion ϖ=ω+Ω (°) | ||||||||||||
Sedna | 11,400 | 507 | 76.04 | 936 | 85.5 | 0.85 | 311.5 | 11.9 | 144.5 | 96.0 | 1.5 | 20.9 | 1,000 |
Skabelon:Mpl- | 5,900 | 327 | 47.32 | 607 | 47.7 | 0.85 | 327.1 | 25.6 | 66.0 | 33.1 | 6.5 | 23.3 | 200 |
Skabelon:Mpl- | 11,300 | 503 | 35.57 | 970 | 37.3 | 0.93 | 285.7 | 18.6 | 112.9 | 38.6 | 6.2 | 22.0 | 200 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 6,600 | 351 | 48.76 | 654 | 71.2 | 0.87 | 347.8 | 21.5 | 130.6 | 118.4 | 6.5 | 25.1 | 200 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 4,300 | 266 | 80.27 | 441 | 83.5 | 0.69 | 292.8 | 24.1 | 90.8 | 23.6 | 4.0 | 23.3 | 600 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 6,900 | 364 | 36.10 | 690 | 36.8 | 0.90 | 311.8 | 29.6 | 67.6 | 19.4 | 8.7 | 24.4 | 70 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 5,050 | 295 | 43.60 | 546 | 57.0 | 0.86 | 40.2 | 17.3 | 217.8 | 258.0 (*) | 6.7 | 24.4 | 200 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 66,000 | 1,600 | 36.31 | 3,200 | 61.5 | 0.98 | 134.4 | 20.6 | 336.8 | 111.2 | 6.1 | 24.0 | 200 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 5,160 | 299 | 47.57 | 549 | 56.3 | 0.84 | 341.4 | 18.0 | 34.8 | 16.2 | 6.6 | 24.2 | 200 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 19,700 | 730 | 49.91 | 1,410 | 60.3 | 0.93 | 32.4 | 4.2 | 29.5 | 61.9 | 6.7 | 24.5 | 250 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 5,510 | 310 | 38.45 | 580 | 41.7 | 0.89 | 129.2 | 8.8 | 46.1 | 175.3 (*) | 8.5 | 24.9 | 80 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 17,730 | 680 | 40.51 | 1,320 | 40.8 | 0.95 | 32.0 | 14.0 | 219.1 | 251.1 (*) | 8.1 | 24.3 | 100 |
Skabelon:Mpl | 8,920 | 430 | 45.48 | 815 | 61.4 | 0.89 | 65.4 | 12.2 | 8.6 | 74.0 | 6.2 | 24.2 | 250 |
uo5m93[19] | 4,760 | 283 | 39.48 | 526 | 41.7 | 0.86 | 43.3 | 6.8 | 165.9 | 209.3 (*) | 8.9 | 25.0 | ? |
Skabelon:Mpl "Caju"[20] | 9,500 | 449 | 35.25 | 863 | 52.7 | 0.92 | 348.1 | 54.1 | 135.2 | 123.3 | 4.3 | 21.5 | 550[21] |
Skabelon:Mpl | 40,000 | 1,200 | 64.94 | 2,300 | 77.7 | 0.94 | 118.2 | 11.7 | 300.8 | 59.0 | 5.3 | 24.3 | 300 |
Ideal elements under hypothesis | — | >250 | >30 | — | — | >0.5 | — | 10~30 | — | 2~120 | — | — | — |
Hypothesized Planet Nine | 15000 ~15,000 | 700 ~700 | 200 ~200 | 1200 ~1,200 | 1000 ~1,000? | 0.6 ~0.6 | 150 ~150 | 30 ~30 | 91 7001910000000000000♠91±15 | 241 7002241000000000000♠241±15 | 22 >22 | 40000 ~40,000 |
- (*) longitude of perihelion, ϖ, outside expected range;
- are the objects included in the original study by Trujillo and Sheppard (2014).[2]
- has been added in the 2016 study by Brown and Batygin.[1][22]
- All other objects have been announced later.
The most extreme case is that of 2015 BP519, nicknamed Caju, which has both the highest inclination[23] and the farthest nodal distance; these properties make it a probable outlier within this population.[24]