Alexander Fleming

Meddyg, biolegydd a dyfeisiwr o'r Alban oedd Syr Alexander Fleming, FRSE, FRS, FRCS(Peirianeg) (6 Awst 1881 – 11 Mawrth 1955). Ysgrifennodd lawer am chemotherapi, System imiwneddimiwnedd a bacteria.

Alexander Fleming
Ganwyd	6 Awst 1881  Lochfield
Bu farw	11 Mawrth 1955  Llundain
Dinasyddiaeth	y Deyrnas Unedig
Alma mater	Coleg Imperial Llundain Prifysgol Westminster Kilmarnock Academy Ysgol Feddygol y Coleg Imperialaidd St Mary's Hospital Medical School
Galwedigaeth	bacteriolegydd, ffarmacolegydd, meddyg, llawfeddyg, dyfeisiwr
Swydd	Rector of the University of Edinburgh
Cyflogwr	Coleg Imperial Llundain Prifysgol Llundain
Tad	Hugh Fleming
Mam	Grace Morton
Priod	Amalia Fleming, Sarah Marion McElroy
Plant	Robert Fleming
Gwobr/au	Gwobr Nobel mewn Ffisioleg neu Feddygaeth, Marchog Faglor, Gwobr Actonian, Medal Albert, Doethor Anrhydeddus Prifysgol Madrid, honorary doctorate of the University of Graz, Honorary doctor of the University of Liège, Cymrawd y Gymdeithas Frenhinol, Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, Cymrawd Coleg Brenhinol y Meddygon Llundain, Uwch-Groes Urdd Sifil Alfonso X, Moxon Medal, Gwobr Cameron Prifysgol Caeredin, Commandeur de la Légion d'honneur‎, Honorary Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi, Medal John Scott, doethor anrhydeddus o Brifysgol Paris, honorary doctor of the University of Bordeaux
llofnod

Ei ddarganfyddiadau pwysicaf yw ensymau a lysosymau yn 1923 a'r sylwedd gwrthfiotig adnabyddus hwnnw: penicilin o'r llwydni Penicillium notatum yn 1928. Rhannodd Wobr Nobel gyda Howard Florey a Ernst Boris Chain^[1] yn 1945.

Yn 1999, rhestrodd y cylchgrawn Time Fleming fel un o'r 100 person pwysicaf yn yr 20g gan ddweud:

It was a discovery that would change the course of history. The active ingredient, fungi, which Fleming named penicillin, turned out to be an infection-fighting agent of enormous potency. When it was finally recognized for what it was, the most efficacious life-saving drug in the world, penicillin would alter forever the treatment of bacterial infections. By the middle of the century, Fleming's discovery had spawned a huge pharmaceutical industry, churning out synthetic penicillins that would conquer some of mankind's most ancient scourges, including syphilis, gangrene and tuberculosis.^[2]