Bismuto

Ang bismuto (Iningles bismuth) mao ang elementong kimiko sa talaang peryodiko nga may simbolo nga Bi ug kaiphan nga atomik 83. Ang bismuto mao ang puthaw.

Bismuth
83Bi
Sb ↑ Bi ↓ Uup Periodic table lead ← bismuth → polonium
Panagway
lustrous silver
Kinatibuk-ang mga kinaiya
Ngalan, simbolo, kaiphan	bismuth, Bi, 83
Paglitok	/ˈbɪzməθ/ [[Help:Pronunciation respelling key|Plantilya:Smallcaps all-məth]]
Kategoriyang elemento	post-transition metal
Group, period, block	15, 6, p
Gibug-aton sa atomo	208.98040(1)
Kontorno sa elektron	[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3 2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5 Electron shells of bismuth (2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5)
History
Pagkadiskobre	Claude François Geoffroy (1753)
Physical properties
Phase	magahi
Density (near r.t.)	9.78 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p.	10.05 g·cm−3
Melting point	544.7 K, 271.5 °C, 520.7 °F
Boiling point	1837 K, 1564 °C, 2847 °F
Heat of fusion	11.30 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization	151 kJ·mol−1
Molar heat capacity	25.52 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 941 1041 1165 1325 1538 1835
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	5, 4, 3, 2, 1 (mildly acidic oxide)
Electronegativity	2.02 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies (more)	1st: 703 kJ·mol−1
	2nd: 1610 kJ·mol−1
	3rd: 2466 kJ·mol−1
Atomic radius	156 pm
Covalent radius	148±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	207 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	rhombohedral[1]
Magnetic ordering	diamagnetic
Electrical resistivity	(20 °C) 1.29 µΩ·m
Thermal conductivity	7.97 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion	(25 °C) 13.4 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod)	(20 °C) 1790 m·s−1
Young's modulus	32 GPa
Shear modulus	12 GPa
Bulk modulus	31 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.33
Mohs hardness	2.25
Brinell hardness	94.2 MPa
CAS registry number	7440-69-9
Most stable isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of bismuth
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 207Bi syn 31.55 y β+ 2.399 207Pb 208Bi syn 3.68×105 y β+ 2.880 208Pb 209Bi 100% 1.9×1019 y α 3.137 205Tl 210Bi trace 5.012 d β− 1.426 210Po α 5.982 206Tl 210mBi syn 3.04×106 y IT 0.271 210Bi α 6.253 206Tl
v t e · r

Ang mga gi basihan niini

1. Cucka, P.; Barrett, C. S. (1962). "The crystal structure of Bi and of solid solutions of Pb, Sn, Sb and Te in Bi". Acta Crystallographica. 15 (9): 865. doi:10.1107/S0365110X62002297.

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