Ljudska prava

Ljudska prava su moralni principi ili norme ^[1] za određene standarde ljudskog ponašanja i redovno se štite u općinskom i međunarodnom pravu ^[2] Općenito se shvataju kao neotuđiva,^[3] temeljna prava "na koja osoba ima inherentno pravo jednostavno zato što je ljudsko biće" ^[4] i koja su "svojstvena svim ljudskim bićima",^[5] bez obzira na dob, etničko porijeklo, mjesto, jezik, vjeru, etničku pripadnost ili bilo koji drugi status.^[3] Primjenjiva su svugdje i u svakom trenutku u smislu univerzalnosti ^[1] a egalitarna su u smislu da su ista za sve.^[3] Smatra se da zahtijevaju empatiju i vladavinu prava ^[6] i nameću obavezu osobama da poštuju ljudska prava drugih ^[1][3] i općenito se smatra da ih ne treba oduzimati osim kao posljedicu pravičnog postupka zasnovanog na posebnim okolnostima.^[3]

Vanparnični pritvor zarobljenika u zaljevu Guantanamo

Službeni logo ICC -a

Magna Carta ili "Velika povelja" bio je jedan od prvih svjetskih dokumenata koji su obavezali jednog suverena prema svom narodu da poštuje određena zakonska prava.

Do kršenja ljudskih prava dolazi kada bilo koji državni ili nedržavni akter prekrši bilo koji od uvjeta UDHR-a ili drugog međunarodnog zakona o ljudskim pravima ili humanitarnom pravu. U pogledu kršenja ljudskih prava zakona Ujedinjenih naroda. Član 39 Povelje Ujedinjenih nacija imenuje Vijeće sigurnosti UN -a (ili imenovano tijelo) kao jedini sud koji može utvrditi kršenja ljudskih prava UN -a.^[7] Generalna skupština Ujedinjenih nacija je 10. decembra 1948. donijela i proglasila Univerzalnu deklaraciju o ljudskim pravima. Poslije ovog istorijskog čina Skupština je pozvala sve države članice da objave tekst Deklaracije i da pomognu da se on rasprostrani, prikaže, čita i objašnjava naročito u školama i drugim vaspitnim ustanovama, u svim zemljama ili teritorijama bez razlike na njihov politički status.

Zvanični tekst Deklaracije može se dobiti na šest zvaničnih jezika Ujedinjenih nacija: arapskom, engleskom, francuskom, kineskom, ruskom i španskom.

Također pogledajte

• Ujedinjene nacije
• Svjetska organizacija protiv mučenja
• Ronald Gamarra

Izvori i dalje čitanje

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• Clayton, Philip; Schloss, Jeffrey (2004). Evolution and Ethics: Human Morality in Biological and Religious Perspective. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. ISBN 0-8028-2695-4.
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• Jaffa, Harry V. (1979). Thomism and Aristotelianism; A Study of the Commentary by Thomas Aquinas on the Nicomachean Ethics. Greenwood Press. ISBN 0-313-21149-3. (reprint of 1952 edition published by University of Chicago Press)
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Primarni izvori

• Ishay, Micheline, ed. The Human Rights Reader: Major Political Essays, Speeches, and Documents from Ancient Times to the Present (2nd ed. 2007) izvod

Napomene

 

1. James Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, 13 December 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Human Rights. Retrieved 14 August 2014
2. Nickel 2010 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFNickel2010 (help)
3. The United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, What are human rights?. Retrieved 14 August 2014
4. Sepúlveda et al. 2004 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFSepúlveda_et_al.2004 (help)"Archived copy". Arhivirano s originala, 28. 3. 2012. Pristupljeno 8. 11. 2011.CS1 održavanje: arhivirana kopija u naslovu (link)
5. Burns H. Weston, 20 March 2014, Encyclopædia Britannica, human rights. Retrieved 14 August 2014
6. Gary J. Bass (book reviewer), Samuel Moyn (author of book being reviewed), 20 October 2010, The New Republic, The Old New Thing. Retrieved 14 August 2014
7. "Chapter VII". www.un.org (jezik: engleski). 17. 6. 2015. Pristupljeno 13. 10. 2020.

Vanjski linkovi

• Univerzalna deklaracija o ljudskim pravima Ujedinjenih nacija (en)