Zemljotres u Tangshanu 1976.

Zemljotres u Tangšanu 1976., takođe poznat kao Veliki Tangšanski zemljotres (kineski: 唐山大地震, Tángshān dà dìzhèn),^[2] bila je prirodna katastrofa usled zemljotresa od 7,6 M_w koji je 28. jula 1976. u 3:42 ujutro pogodio region oko Tangšana, u provinciji Hebei, u Narodnoj Republici Kini. Za nekoliko minuta grad Tangšan, industrijski grad sa oko milion stanovnika, prestao je da postoji. Osamdeset pet posto zgrada u gradu srušilo se ili je bilo neupotrebljivo, sve službe su propale, a većina drumskih i željezničkih mostova srušila se ili bila ozbiljno oštećena.^[3] Najmanje 242.000 ljudi je umrlo (neki tvrde da je bilo tri puta više žrtvi), čineći ovo trećim (ili eventualno drugim) najsmrtonosnijim zemljotresom u zabeleženoj istoriji nakon zemljotresa u Shaanxiju 1556. godine, koji je i dalje najsmrtonosniji potres u istoriji.^[4]

Zemljotres u Tangšanu 1976.
Datum	A: 27. juli 1976. 19:42:55 B: 28. juli 1976. 10:45:36
Jačina	A: 7,6 Mw; 7,6 Ms B: 7,0 Mw; 7,4 Ms
Dubina	A: 12.2 km B: 16.7 km
Lokacija epicentra	39.63°N 118.10°E / 39.63; 118.10 39.72°N 118.44°E / 39.72; 118.44
Pogođene države	Narodna Republika Kina
Ukupna šteta	10 milijardi kineskih juan
Max. intenzitet	XI (Ekstreman)
Žrtve	242.419[1]

Tangšanska katastrofa je bila najistaknutija od nekoliko 1976. godine, što bi u kineskoj tradiciji moglo da signalizira da je vlada izgubila politički legitimitet.^[5] Zemljotres u Tangšanu takođe se javio bez upozorenja, podrivajući ključni stav maoističke ideologije, da se zemljotresi mogu predvideti.^[6] Uprkos tome, odgovor vlade pokazao je da je spremna i kompetentna za brzo pružanje pomoći.^[7]

Reference

1. Xinhua News Agency, 29 July 2017; Chen et al. 1988
2. So-called by numerous sources, of which the voluminous work edited by Housner i He (2002) is the most notable.
3. Housner i He 2002, Prologue
4. See the #Death toll section for the various fatality figures.
5. Yeoh 2010, str. 273; Press et al. 1975, str. 879. Yeoh called the Tangshan earthquake "[p]robably one of the deadliest wraths of nature in modern times".
6. Cha 1976, str. 7
7. Raleigh et al. 1977, str. 259

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Vanjski linkovi

• "Integration of Public Administration and Earthquake Science: The Best Practice Case of Qinglong County" at GlobalWatch.org
• An isoseismal map (showing the different zones of shaking intensity) of the Tangshan earthquakeArhivirano 28. 11. 2020. na Wayback Machine
• Report on The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: English translation of an extensive Chinese report from 1986.
• Knotts, Joey (5. 12. 2019). "Beijing Tremors a Ghostly Reminder of Catastrophic 1976 Tangshan Quake". The Beijinger.