Satana ili Sotona (od hebrejskog: שָּׂטָן satan = "neprijatelj", "protivnik",[1] arapskog: شيطان šajtan = "zalutao", "udaljen"; nekada i uopšteno Đavo) figura je koja se javlja u tekstovima abrahamskih religija[2][3] koja donosi zlo i iskušenje i poznata je kao obmanitelj koji vodi čovječanstvo ka stranputici. Neke religijske grupe smatraju da je nastao kao anđeo, ili nešto slično, koji je imao veliku pobožnost i ljepotu, ali je pao zbog oholosti, zavođenja čovječanstva na put neistine i grijeha i ima moć u palom svijetu. U Hebrejskoj Bibliji Satana je prvenstveno tužilac ili protivnik. U nekim kasnijim jevrejskim spisima i Novom zavjetu, Satana se opisuje kao zlonamjerniji entitet suprotan Bogu, takođe nazivan i Đavolom, koji posjeduje odvratne osobine.
Ilustracija Satane na folio 290 recto iz srednjovjekovnog rukopisa Codex Gigas, iz ranog 13. vijekaInterpretacija Satane iz "Izgubljenog raja"
Iako je Satana uopšteno viđen kao negativna figura, neke grupe imaju drugačije viđenje. U teističkom satanizmu, Satana se smatra božanstvom koje se obožava ili poštuje. U Lavejovom satanizmu, Satana je simbol valjanih osobina i slobode.[4][5]
"SATAN - JewishEncyclopedia.com". jewishencyclopedia.com. Pristupljeno 31. 8. 2017. Term used in the Bible with the general connotation of "adversary", being applied (1) to an enemy in war (I Kings v. 18 [A. V. 4]; xi. 14, 23, 25), from which use is developed the concept of a traitor in battle (I Sam. xxix. 4); (2) to an accuser before the judgment-seat (Ps. cix. 6); and (3) to any opponent (II Sam. xix. 23 [A. V. 22]). The word is likewise used to denote an antagonist who puts obstacles in the way, as in Num. xxii. 32, where the angel of God is described as opposing Balaam in the guise of a satan or adversary; so that the concept of Satan as a distinct being was not then known.
Bamberger, Bernard J. (2006). Fallen Angels: Soldiers of Satan's Realm. Jewish Publication Society of America. ISBN0-8276-0797-0. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link)
Caldwell, William. "The Doctrine of Satan: I. In the Old Testament", The Biblical World, Vol. 41, No. 1 (Jan., 1913), pp.29–33 in JSTOR
Caldwell, William. "The Doctrine of Satan: II. Satan in Extra-Biblical Apocalyptical Literature", The Biblical World, Vol. 41, No. 2 (Feb., 1913), pp.98–102 in JSTOR
Caldwell, William. "The Doctrine of Satan: III. In the New Testament", The Biblical World, Vol. 41, No. 3 (Mar., 1913), pp.167–172 in JSTOR
Davies, Douglas J. (2010). Fallen Joseph Smith, Jesus, and Satanic Opposition: Atonement, Evil and the Mormon Vision. University of Durham, UK. ISBN978-1-4094-0830-7. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link)
Grafton, Anthony; Most, Glenn W.; Settis, Salvatore (2010), The Classical Tradition, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, ISBN978-0-674-03572-0CS1 održavanje: ref=harv (link)
Graves, Kersey (1995). Biography of Satan: Exposing the Origins of the Devil. Book Tree. ISBN1-885395-11-6. CS1 održavanje: nepreporučeni parametar (link)
Levack, Brian P. (2015), "54. Johann Weyer: the Possession of the Nuns at Wertet, 1550", The Witchcraft Sourcebook, New York City, New York and London, England: Routledge, ISBN978-1138774971CS1 održavanje: ref=harv (link)
Osborne, B. A. E. "Peter: Stumbling-Block and Satan," Novum Testamentum, Vol. 15, Fasc. 3 (Jul., 1973), pp.187–190 in JSTOR on "Get thee behind me, Satan!"
Rebhorn Wayne A. "The Humanist Tradition and Milton's Satan: The Conservative as Revolutionary," Studies in English Literature, 1500–1900, Vol. 13, No. 1, The English Renaissance (Winter, 1973), pp.81–93 in JSTOR
Russell, Jeffrey Burton. Mephistopheles: The Devil in the Modern World (1990) excerpt and text search
Russell, Jeffrey Burton. The Prince of Darkness: Radical Evil and the Power of Good in History (1992) excerpt and text search
Schaff, D. S. "Devil" in New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (1911), Mainline Protestant; vol 3 pp 414–417 online
Scott, Miriam Van. The Encyclopedia of Hell (1999) excerpt and text search comparative religions; also popular culture
Smith, Peter (2000), A Concise Encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith, Oxford, UK: Oneworld, str.135–136, 304, ISBN1-85168-184-1CS1 održavanje: ref=harv (link)
Smith, Peter (2008), An Introduction to the Baha'i Faith, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, str.112, ISBN0-521-86251-5CS1 održavanje: ref=harv (link)