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Un fermión ye uno d'os dos tipos basicos de particlas elementals que existen en a naturaleza (l'atro tipo ye lo bosón). Os fermions se caracterizan per tener spin semi-entero (1/2, 3/2,...).
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En o modelo stándard de fisica existen dos tipos de fermions fundamentals, os quarks y os leptones. Os fermions se consideran os constituyents basicos d'a materia. Iste tipo de particla se diz asinas en a honor d'o cientifico italiano Enrico Fermi.[1]
| Nombre | Carga | Spin | Masa | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quarks | up | 2/3 | 1/2 | ≃2.2 MeV/c² |
| charm | 2/3 | 1/2 | ≃1.28 GeV/c² | |
| top | 2/3 | 1/2 | ≃173.1 GeV/c² | |
| down | -1/3 | 1/2 | ≃4.7 MeV/c² | |
| strange | -1/3 | 1/2 | ≃96 MeV/c² | |
| botton | -1/3 | 1/2 | ≃4.18 GeV/c² | |
| Leptons | electrón | -1 | 1/2 | ≃0.511 MeV/c² |
| muón | -1 | 1/2 | ≃105.66 MeV/c² | |
| tauón | -1 | 1/2 | ≃1.7768 GeV/c² | |
| neutrino electronico | 0 | 1/2 | <1.0 eV/c² | |
| neutrino muonico | 0 | 1/2 | <0.17 MeV/c² | |
| neutrino tauonico | 0 | 1/2 | <18.2 MeV/c² |
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