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Yucatán
State of Mexico / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Yucatán (/ˌjuːkəˈtɑːnˌ-tæn/,[11][12] also UK: /ˌjʊk-/,[13] US: /juːkɑːˈtɑːn/,[12][14][15] Spanish: [ɟʝukaˈtan] ⓘ; Yucatec Maya: Yúukatan [ˈjúːkatan]), officially the Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán (English: Free and Sovereign State of Yucatán),[lower-alpha 2] is one of the 31 states which, along with Mexico City, constitute the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It comprises 106 separate municipalities, and its capital city is Mérida.
![]() | You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish. (January 2023) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Yucatán
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Free and Sovereign State of Yucatán Estado Libre y Soberano de Yucatán (Spanish) U Péetluʼumil Yucatán (Yucatec Maya) | |
![]() Temple of the Warriors (part of Chichen Itza) | |
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Nickname(s): | |
Coordinates: 21.0°N 89.6°W / 21.0; -89.6 | |
Country | Mexico |
Capital and largest city | Mérida |
Largest metro | Greater Mérida |
Municipalities | 106 |
Admission | December 23, 1823[3][4] |
Order | 8th[lower-alpha 1] |
Government | |
• Governor | ![]() |
• Senators[5] | ![]() ![]() ![]() |
• Deputies |
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Area | |
• Total | 39,524 km2 (15,260 sq mi) |
Ranked 20th | |
Highest elevation | 210 m (690 ft) |
Population (2020)[9] | |
• Total | 2,320,898 |
• Rank | 21st |
• Density | 59/km2 (150/sq mi) |
• Rank | 17th |
Demonym | Yucateco (a) |
GDP | |
• Total | MXN 428 billion (US$21.3 billion) (2022) |
• Per capita | (US$8,996) (2022) |
Time zone | UTC−6 (CST) |
Postal code | 97 |
Area code |
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ISO 3166 code | MX-YUC |
HDI | ![]() |
Website | Official website |
It is located on the northern part of the Yucatán Peninsula. It is bordered by the states of Campeche to the southwest and Quintana Roo to the southeast, with the Gulf of Mexico off its northern coast.
Before the arrival of Spaniards, the peninsula was a very important region for the Maya civilization, which reached the peak of its development here, where the Maya founded the cities of Chichen Itza, Izamal, Motul, Mayapan, Ek' Balam, and Ichkanzihóo (also called T'ho), now Mérida.
After the Spanish conquest of Yucatán (early 16th to late 17th centuries), the Yucatán peninsula became a single administrative and political entity, the Captaincy General of Yucatán. Following Mexican independence in 1821 the local Governor proclaimed independence. Yucatán became part of the First Mexican Empire in December 1821. After the collapse of the Empire in March 1823, the first Republic of Yucatán (founded in May 1823) voluntarily negotiated annexation to the Federal Republic of United Mexican States on December 21, 1823. On March 16, 1841, as a result of cultural and political conflicts around the federal pact, Yucatán declared its independence from Mexico. forming a second Republic of Yucatán. Eventually on July 14, 1848, Yucatán was forced to rejoin Mexico. In 1858, in the middle of the Caste War of Yucatán, the state of Yucatán was divided for the first time, establishing Campeche as a separate state (officially in 1863). During the Porfiriato, in 1902, the state of Yucatán was divided again to form the Federal territory that later became the present state of Quintana Roo.