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Villa rustica
Countryside farmhouse or villa during the Roman era / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Villa rustica (transl.āfarmhouse or countryside villa) was the term used by the ancient Romans[1][2] to denote a farmhouse or villa set in the countryside and with an agricultural section, which applies to the vast majority of Roman villas. In some cases they were at the centre of a large agricultural estate, sometimes called a latifundium. The adjective rustica was used only to distinguish it from a much rarer sub-urban resort villa, or otium villa built for purely leisure and luxury, and typically located in the Bay of Naples. The villa rustica would thus serve both as a residence of the landowner and his family (and servants) and also as a farm management centre. It would often comprise separate buildings to accommodate farm labourers and sheds and barns for animals and crops.[3][4][5][6][7]
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The villa rustica's design differed, but usually it consisted of two parts; the pars urbana (main house),[8] and the pars rustica (farm area).