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Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá (in Spanish, Nuestra Señora del Rosario de Chiquinquirá) is a title under which the Blessed Virgin Mary is particularly venerated in the South American countries of Colombia and Venezuela, through her association with a reputedly miraculous pictorial image.
Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá | |
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![]() The painting by Alonso de Narváez (ca. 1562) | |
Location | The Basilica of Chiquinquirá (Boyacá), Colombia |
Date | 26 December 1586 |
Witness | María Ramos, Isabel (an Indian servant), Joana de Santana |
Type | Prodigious renovation and effulgence of the painting of the Virgin |
Approval | Liturgical Feast granted 12 April, 1825, during the pontificate of Pope Leo XII ; proclamation by act dated 18 July 1829 of the Virgin of Chiquinquirá as Patron of Colombia, during the pontificate of Pope Pius VIII ; canonical coronation on 9 July 1919, during the pontificate of Pope Pius XI (following approval given on 9 January 1910 by Pope St Pius X) |
Shrine | The Basilica of Chiquinquirá (Boyacá), Colombia |
The archetype of the image is a painting executed in tempera on cotton cloth in about 1562 in what is now Colombia by a Spanish silversmith and painter born near Seville, Spain, named Alonso de Narváez. This man is the first artist known by name to have been active in the Spanish colonial dominion later known as New Granada.[1] No other works by him are known.[2]
According to contemporary records, the painting was installed in a rustic chapel in Suta (present-day Sutamarchán)[3] for which it was commissioned. Twenty years later, adverse environmental conditions in the chapel (which was roofed over with straw thatch) had caused the image to degrade to such an extent that the local priest, Juan de Leguizamón, sent it to the widow of Antonio de Santana (the man who had commissioned it and who had died in 1582), she, by then, residing with her family in Chiquinquirá, where it was relegated to a store-room.[4] Although the image on it was faint, the painting was recovered in 1585 by María Ramos, de Santana's sister-in-law who had recently come out from Spain. She hung it on the wall of an oratory, above the altar, where she came to pray every day to the Virgin. In the first deposition taken for the purposes of an ecclesiastical inquiry into the reported prodigy, she stated that she had just completed her devotions on the morning of 26 December 1586 when the painting mysteriously fell from the wall to hover over the place where she had been kneeling. She testified that the Virgin's face shone with bright colours and that the painting emitted a dazzling light throughout the rest of that day.[5]
Since that time, the painting has been the continuous focus of prayer to, and veneration of, the Virgin Mary in Colombia through whom, under the title of Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá, miracles of healing were also reported. The prodigious luminescence of 1586 was repeated on two subsequent occasions, in 1588 and 1589 respectively.[6]
In 1709, a second image, substantially the same as that painted by Narváez, reportedly manifested itself in miraculous circumstances on a wooden panel in the town of Maracaibo in the state of Zulia in what is now Venezuela, causing the cult of the Virgin under the title of Chiquinquirá to spread to that country where the populace know her as “La Chinita”[7] and where she is the Patron of the city of Maracaibo, of the state of Zulia, and of the Armed Forces of Venezuela.[8]
![Thumb image](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Colombia_-_Boyaca_-_Chiquinquira.svg/640px-Colombia_-_Boyaca_-_Chiquinquira.svg.png)