User:Mr. Ibrahem/Sirolimus
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sirolimus, also known as rapamycin, is a medication primarily used to prevent organ transplant rejection and treat lymphangioleiomyomatosis.[1][5] For kidney transplant it is a second line treatment.[6] It is taken by mouth.[1]
![]() | |
![]() | |
Clinical data | |
---|---|
Trade names | Rapamune |
Other names | Rapamycin |
License data | |
Pregnancy category |
|
Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | mTOR inhibitor[1] |
Legal status | |
Legal status |
|
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 14% (oral solution), lower with high-fat meals; 18% (tablet), higher with high-fat meals[2] |
Protein binding | 92% |
Metabolism | Hepatic |
Elimination half-life | 57–63 hours[3] |
Excretion | Mostly faecal |
Identifiers | |
| |
Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C51H79NO13 |
Molar mass | 914.187 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Solubility in water | 0.0026 [4] mg/mL (20 °C) |
| |
| |
(verify) |
Common side effects include infection, fever, poor wound healing, diabetes, protein in the urine, rash, and swelling.[5] Other side effects may include lymphoma, anaphylaxis, angioedema, kidney problems, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.[1] It is an mTOR inhibitor and works by decreasing the activation of T cells and B cells.[1]
Sirolimus was isolated in 1972 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1999 and Europe in 2001.[1][7][5] It is available as a generic medication. A month of treatment in the United States at 2 mg per day costs about 225 USD as of 2021.[8] This amount in the United Kingdom costs the NHS £172 as of 2023.[9] It is sold under the brand name Rapamune.[1]