User:Mr. Ibrahem/Naproxen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Naproxen, sold under the brand name Aleve among others, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain, menstrual cramps, inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, and fever.[3] It is taken by mouth.[3] It is available in immediate and delayed release formulations.[3] Onset of effects is within an hour and last for up to twelve hours.[3]
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Clinical data | |
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Pronunciation | /nəˈprɒksən/ |
Trade names | Aleve, Naprosyn, others[1] |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a681029 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)[3] |
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Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | 95% (by mouth) |
Protein binding | 99% |
Metabolism | Liver (to 6-desmethylnaproxen) |
Elimination half-life | 12–17 hours (adults)[6] |
Excretion | Kidney |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C14H14O3 |
Molar mass | 230.263 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Melting point | 152–154 °C (306–309 °F) |
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Common side effects include dizziness, headache, bruising, allergic reactions, heartburn, and stomach pain.[3] Severe side effects include an increased risk of heart disease, stroke, gastrointestinal bleeding, and stomach ulcers.[3] The heart disease risk may be lower than with other NSAIDs.[3] It is not recommended in people with kidney problems.[3] Use is not recommended in the third trimester of pregnancy.[3]
Naproxen is a nonselective COX inhibitor.[3] It is in the propionic acid class of medications.[3] As an NSAID, naproxen appears to exert its anti-inflammatory action by reducing the production of inflammatory mediators called prostaglandins.[7] It is metabolized by the liver to inactive metabolites.[3]
Naproxen was patented in 1967, and approved for medical use in the United States in 1976.[8][3][9] It is available over the counter and as a generic medication.[3][10] In the United Kingdom it cost about £0.15 per dose in 2017.[11] In the United States, the wholesale cost per dose is less than US$0.10 as of 2018.[12] In 2017, it was the 71st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than eleven million prescriptions.[13][14]