Umlaut (diacritic)
Diacritic mark to indicate sound shift / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the use of two dots mark to indicate the vowel-fronting sound change. For other uses of the same mark, see Two dots (diacritic).
Umlaut (/ˈʊmlaʊt/) is a name for the two dots diacritical mark (◌̈) as used to indicate in writing (as part of the letters ⟨ä⟩, ⟨ö⟩, and ⟨ü⟩) the result of the historical sound shift due to which former back vowels are now pronounced as front vowels (for example [a], [ɔ], and [ʊ] as [ɛ], [œ], and [ʏ]). (The term Germanic umlaut is also used for the underlying historical sound shift process.)
In its contemporary printed form, the mark consists of two dots placed over the letter to represent the changed vowel sound.