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Synecdoche
Figure of speech / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Synecdoche (/sɪˈnɛkdəki/ sih-NEK-də-kee)[1] is a type of metonymy; it is a figure of speech in which a term for a part of something is used to refer to the whole (pars pro toto), or vice versa (totum pro parte).[2][3][4][5] The term is derived from Ancient Greek συνεκδοχή (sunekdokhḗ) 'simultaneous understanding'.[lower-alpha 1]
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Common English synecdoches include suits for businessmen, wheels for automobile, and boots for soldiers. Another example is the use of government buildings to refer to their resident agencies or bodies, such as The Pentagon for the United States Department of Defense[7] and Downing Street or Number 10 for the office of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and the use of the name of a country's capital city to refer to the government of the country.[8]