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Stearin
Chemical compound / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Stearin /ˈstɪərɪn/, or tristearin, or glyceryl tristearate is an odourless, white powder. It is a triglyceride derived from three units of stearic acid. Most triglycerides are derived from at least two and more commonly three different fatty acids.[7] Like other triglycerides, stearin can crystallise in three polymorphs. For stearin, these melt at 54 (α-form), 65, and 72.5 °C (β-form).[3]
Quick Facts Names, Identifiers ...
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Names | |
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Systematic IUPAC name
Propane-1,2,3-triyl tri(octadecanoate) | |
Other names
Tristearin; Trioctadecanoin; Glycerol tristearate; Glyceryl tristearate | |
Identifiers | |
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3D model (JSmol) |
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ChEBI | |
ChemSpider |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.008.271 ![]() |
KEGG |
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PubChem CID |
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UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |
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Properties | |
C57H110O6 | |
Molar mass | 891.501 g·mol−1 |
Appearance | White powder |
Odor | Odorless |
Density | 0.862 g/cm3 (80 °C) 0.8559 g/cm3 (90 °C)[2] |
Melting point | 54–72.5 °C (129.2–162.5 °F; 327.1–345.6 K)[3] |
Insoluble | |
Solubility | Slightly soluble in C6H6, CCl4 Soluble in acetone, CHCl3 Insoluble in EtOH[2] |
Refractive index (nD) |
1.4395 (80 °C)[2] |
Structure | |
Triclinic (β-form)[4] | |
P1 (β-form)[4] | |
α = 73.752°, β = 100.256°, γ = 117.691° | |
Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C) |
1342.8 J/mol·K (β-form, 272.1 K) 1969.4 J/mol·K (346.5 K)[3][5] |
Std molar entropy (S⦵298) |
1534.7 J/mol·K (liquid)[5] |
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−2344 kJ/mol[5] |
Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
35806.7 kJ/mol[5] |
Hazards | |
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
Flash point | ≥ 300 °C (572 °F; 573 K) closed cup[6] |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (median dose) |
2000 mg/kg (rats, oral)[6] |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Note that stearin is also used to mean the solid component of an oil or fat that can be separated into components that melt at higher (the stearin) and lower (the olein) temperatures. This is the usage meant in an example such as palm stearin.