Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba
Cathedral and former mosque in Córdoba, Spain / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba[1][2] (Spanish: Mezquita-Catedral de Córdoba), officially known by its ecclesiastical name of Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption (Spanish: Catedral de Nuestra Señora de la Asunción),[3] is the cathedral of the Diocese of Córdoba dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and located in the Spanish region of Andalusia.[4] Due to its status as a former mosque, it is also known as the Mezquita (pronounced [meθˈkita]; 'mosque' in Spanish)[5][6] and as the Great Mosque of Córdoba.[7][2][8]
Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba | |
---|---|
Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption | |
37°52′45.1″N 04°46′47″W | |
Location | Córdoba |
Address | 1, Cardenal Herrero Street |
Country | Spain |
Denomination | Catholic |
Previous denomination | Islam |
Website | mezquita-catedraldecordoba |
History | |
Status | Cathedral |
Dedication | Assumption of Mary |
Dedicated | 1236 |
Architecture | |
Style | Moorish, Renaissance (with Gothic and Baroque elements) |
Groundbreaking | 785 (as a mosque) |
Completed | 1607 (last major addition as cathedral) |
Specifications | |
Number of towers | 1 |
Tower height | 54 m (177 ft 2 in) |
Administration | |
Metropolis | Seville |
Diocese | Diocese of Córdoba |
Clergy | |
Bishop(s) | Demetrio Fernández González |
Criteria | Cultural: i, ii, iii, iv |
Designated | 1984 (8th session) |
Part of | Historic Centre of Cordoba |
Reference no. | |
Type | Non-movable |
Criteria | Monument |
Designated | 21 November 1882 |
Reference no. | RI-51-0000034 |
According to traditional accounts a Visigothic church, the Catholic Christian Basilica of Vincent of Saragossa, originally stood on the site of the current Mosque-Cathedral, although this has been a matter of scholarly debate.[9][10] The Great Mosque was constructed in 785 on the orders of Abd al-Rahman I, founder of the Islamic Emirate of Córdoba.[11][12][13][14] It was expanded multiple times afterwards under Abd al-Rahman's successors up to the late 10th century. Among the most notable additions, Abd al-Rahman III added a minaret (finished in 958) and his son al-Hakam II added a richly-decorated new mihrab and maqsurah section (finished in 971).[15][12] The mosque was converted to a cathedral in 1236 when Córdoba was captured by the Christian forces of Castile during the Reconquista. The structure itself underwent only minor modifications until a major building project in the 16th century inserted a new Renaissance cathedral nave and transept into the center of the building. The former minaret, which had been converted to a bell tower, was also significantly remodelled around this time. Starting in the 19th century, modern restorations have in turn led to the recovery and study of some of the building's Islamic-era elements.[16][17] Today, the building continues to serve as the city's cathedral and Mass is celebrated there daily.[18]
The mosque structure is an important monument in the history of Islamic architecture and was highly influential on the subsequent "Moorish" architecture of the western Mediterranean regions of the Muslim world. It is also one of Spain's major historic monuments and tourist attractions,[19] as well as a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1984.[20]