Hepatitis B vaccine
Vaccine against hepatitis B / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis B.[13] The first dose is recommended within 24 hours of birth with either two or three more doses given after that.[13] This includes those with poor immune function such as from HIV/AIDS and those born premature.[13] It is also recommended that health-care workers be vaccinated.[14] In healthy people, routine immunization results in more than 95% of people being protected.[13]
Vaccine description | |
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Target | Hepatitis B virus |
Vaccine type | Subunit |
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Trade names | Recombivax HB, Engerix-B, Heplisav-B, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a607014 |
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Routes of administration | Intramuscular (IM) |
Drug class | Antiviral |
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PubChem CID | |
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Blood testing to verify that the vaccine has worked is recommended in those at high risk.[13] Additional doses may be needed in people with poor immune function but are not necessary for most people.[13] In those who have been exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) but not immunized, hepatitis B immune globulin should be given in addition to the vaccine.[13] The vaccine is given by injection into a muscle.[13]
Serious side effects from the hepatitis B vaccine are very uncommon.[13] Pain may occur at the site of injection.[13] It is safe for use during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.[13] It has not been linked to Guillain–Barré syndrome.[13] Hepatitis B vaccines are produced with recombinant DNA techniques and contain immunologic adjuvant.[13] They are available both by themselves and in combination with other vaccines.[13]
The first hepatitis B vaccine was approved in the United States in 1981.[15] A recombinant version came to market in 1986.[13] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[16] Both versions were developed by Maurice Hilleman and his team.[17][18][19]