Fluvoxamine
SSRI antidepressant drug / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fluvoxamine, sold under the brand name Luvox among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class.[6] It is primarily used to treat major depressive disorder and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD),[7] but is also used to treat anxiety disorders[8] such as panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.[9][10][11]
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Trade names | Luvox, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a695004 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) |
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Bioavailability | 53% (90% confidence interval: 44–62%)[3] |
Protein binding | 77–80%[3][4] |
Metabolism | Liver (primarily O-demethylation) Major: CYP1A2 Minor: CYP3A4 Minor: CYP2C19[3] |
Elimination half-life | 12–13 hours (single dose), 22 hours (repeated dosing)[3] |
Excretion | Kidney (98%; 94% as metabolites, 4% as unchanged drug)[3] |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.125.476 |
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Formula | C15H21F3N2O2 |
Molar mass | 318.340 g·mol−1 |
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Fluvoxamine's side-effect profile is similar to that of other SSRIs. Common adverse effects include constipation, gastrointestinal problems, headache, anxiety, irritation, sexual problems, dry mouth, sleep problems and an increased risk of suicide at the start of treatment. These effects appear to be significantly weaker than with other SSRIs, with the exception of gastrointestinal side-effects.[12]
Fluvoxamine appears to be more tolerable than other SSRIs, particularly with respect to cardiovascular complications.[13] Compared to escitalopram and sertraline, fluvoxamine's gastrointestinal profile may be less intense,[14] often being limited to nausea.[15] Mosapride has demonstrated efficacy in treating fluvoxamine-induced nausea.[16] It is also advised practice to divide total daily doses of fluvoxamine greater than 100 milligrams, with the higher fraction being taken in the evening (e.g., 50 mg at the beginning of the waking day and 200 mg at bedtime). In any case, high starting daily doses of fluvoxamine rather than the recommended gradual titration (starting at 50 milligrams and gradually titrating, up to 300 if necessary) may increase the likelihood of nausea.[17]
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[18]