Karl Linnaeus
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Carl Linnaeus (/lɪˈniːəs,lˈneɪəs/; [1][2] 23 Mayu 1707-10 Janairu 1778), wanda kuma aka sani bayan daukakarsa a 1761 kamar yadda Carl von Linné [3] (furuci a harshen Sweden: [ˈkɑːɭfɔnlɪˈneː] ya kasance masanin tsirrai ne dan kasar Sweden, dabbobi, masanin rabe-raben itace, kuma likita wanda ya fito da tsarin binomial nomenclature, tsarin zamani na sanyawa kwayoyin halittu suna. Ana masa laƙabi da "baban ilimin rabe-raben tsirra - father of modern taxonomy". [4] Yawancin rubuce-rubucensa da harshen Latin ne; An fassara sunansa a harshen Latin da Carolus Linnæus sannan kuma bayan girmamashi da akayi a 1761, an mayar da sunan Carolus a Linné.
Karl Linnaeus | |
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Rayuwa | |
Cikakken suna | Carl Nilsson Linnaeus |
Haihuwa | Råshult (en) , 23 Mayu 1707 |
ƙasa | Sweden |
Harshen uwa | Swedish (en) |
Mutuwa | Linnaeus Hammarby (en) da Uppsala (en) , 10 ga Janairu, 1778 |
Makwanci | Uppsala Cathedral (en) |
Ƴan uwa | |
Mahaifi | Nils Ingemarsson Linnaeus |
Mahaifiya | Christina Brodersonia |
Abokiyar zama | Sara Elisabeth Moræa (en) |
Yara | |
Ahali | Anna Maria Linnæ (en) , Emerentia Branting (en) , Sofia Juliana Collin (en) da Samuel Linnaeus (en) |
Yare | Linné family (en) |
Karatu | |
Makaranta |
Lund University (en) (1727 - : medicine (en) Uppsala University (en) (1728 - : medicine (en) University of Harderwijk (en) (1735 - 1735) Doctor of Medicine (en) : medicine (en) |
Matakin karatu | Doctor of Medicine (en) |
Thesis director |
Olof Rudbeck the Younger (en) Johannes Gorter (en) |
Dalibin daktanci |
Fredrik Hasselquist (en) Carl Peter Thunberg (en) Anders Sparrman (en) Peter Forsskål (en) Anton Rolandsson Martin (en) Alexander von Karamyschew (en) Matvey Afonin (en) |
Harsuna |
Harshen Latin Swedish (en) |
Malamai |
Lars Roberg (en) Olof Celsius (en) |
Ɗalibai |
view
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Sana'a | |
Sana'a | geologist (en) , Farfesa, botanist (en) , likita, autobiographer (en) , biologist (en) , mycologist (en) , pteridologist (en) , bryologist (en) , zoologist (en) , entomologist (en) , ornithologist (en) , naturalist (en) , arachnologist (en) da mineralogist (en) |
Wurin aiki | Uppsala (en) da Stockholm |
Employers | Uppsala University (en) |
Muhimman ayyuka |
Systema Naturae (en) Species Plantarum (en) Genera Plantarum (en) Fundamenta Botanica (en) Critica Botanica (en) Bibliotheca Botanica (en) Amoenitates Academicae (en) Hortus Cliffortianus (en) Musa Cliffortiana (en) Methodus (en) Praeludia Sponsaliorum Plantarum (en) |
Kyaututtuka | |
Mamba |
Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences (en) German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (en) Royal Society (en) Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences (en) Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences (en) Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters (en) Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences and Letters (en) French Academy of Sciences (en) American Philosophical Society (en) |
Imani | |
Addini | Church of Sweden (en) |
An haifi Linnaeus a Råshult, ƙauyen Småland, da ke kudancin Sweden. Ya sami mafi yawan karatunsa a Jami'ar Uppsala kuma ya fara ba da laccoci a fannin ilimin halittu a can a cikin shekarar 1730. Ya zauna a kasashen waje tsakanin 1735 zuwa 1738, inda ya nazarci kuma ya wallafa littafinsa na farkon wato Systema Naturae a can kasar Netherlands. Daga nan ya koma Sweden inda ya zama farfesa a fannin likitanci da ilmin halittu a Uppsala. A cikin shekarar 1740s, an aika shi tafiye-tafiye da dama a Sweden don nemo ilimin da kuma rarraba shuke-shuke da dabbobi. A cikin shekarar 1750s da 1760s, ya ci gaba da tattarawa da rarraba dabbobi, tsirrai, da ma'adanai, yayin da yake buga shafuka da dama. Ya kasance daya daga cikin fitattun masana kimiyya a Turai a lokacin mutuwarsa.
Masanin falsafa Jean-Jacques Rousseau ya aika masa da sako cewa: "Ku gaya masa ban san wani mutum da ya fi girma ba a duniya."[5] Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ya rubuta: "In ban da Shakespeare da Spinoza, Ban san wani daga cikin wadanda ba su da rai wanda ya rinjaye ni sosai ba."[5] Marubucin Sweden August Strindberg ya rubuta: "Linnaeus ya kasance a matuƙa mawaƙin da ya zamo masanin halittu."[6] Ana kiran Linnaeus Princeps botanicorum (Yariman Ilimin Tsirrai wato - Prince of Botanists) sannan kuma "Pliny of the north". [7] Ana kuma daukansa a matsayin daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa ilimin halittu na zamani.[8]
A cikin ilimin halittu da dabbobi, ana amfani da harafin L. don nuna da Linnaeus a matsayin wanda ya samo sunan wani jinsi.[9] A tsofaffin wallafe-wallafe kuwa, ana amfani da lakanin "Linn." don nuna aikinsa. Har yanzu Linnaeus ya kasance nau'in samfuri mai wakiltan kansa a nazarin Homo sapiens ta hanyar bin ka'idar rarraba dabbobi na duniya, tun da samfurin da aka san yayi bincike akansa shine kansa. [note 1]