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In sports that use a clock, untimed play is play in which the clock does not tick. In some cases, untimed play can occur at the end of a game following the expiration of the clock, and may even be when a score occurs that decides the outcome of the game.
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In gridiron football, untimed play occurs in the following situations:
All untimed downs are subject to the play clock and must commence before it expires, or else a delay of game penalty is levied.
In basketball, untimed play occurs in the following situations:
In hockey, mid-game penalty shots and post-game shootouts are untimed.
In football, the game clock is not stopped when the play is interrupted and a game does not automatically end when the allocated time has expired. Instead, it is up the referee's discretion to add as much additional time at the end as they deem necessary. When a team receives a penalty kick the referee is required to allow additional time for the kick to be taken and completed. If a goal is not scored from the kick, the play is considered complete if the ball has stopped moving or left the field of play and if the ball is touched by any player other than the defensive goalkeeper. If the kick is missed but the defensive team commits an offence that would allow a retaken, more additional time will be allowed to retake the kick.
Kick offs, throw-ins, goal kicks, corner kicks and free kicks are not given any allocation of time specifically for the restart to be taken and there is no requirement in the laws of the game to allow a promising attack to continue or to wait until the ball is in "neutral" territory or out of play. This means a game can end when the ball is out of play if the referee's minimum added time has been reached, or to finish just after a team has kicked or thrown the ball for a restart. This lack of additional time has proven controversial in situations where a team is trying to score a goal late in a game only to be denied by a whistle. An example of this took place in the 1978 FIFA World Cup when Brazil appeared to have scored from a corner kick in the final seconds to win the match against Sweden 2-1, only for referee Clive Thomas to have blown the full time whistle as soon as the corner had been taken. In modern practice referees are encouraged not to blow for time if a team has won a free kick or corner kick without letting them attempt to shoot or cross the ball for a goal attempt.[2]
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