Teplizumab
Monoclonal antibody / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Teplizumab, sold under the brand name Tzield, is a humanized anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody that is the first approved treatment indicated to delay the onset of stage 3 type 1 diabetes (T1D) in people with stage 2 T1D.[3][4][5]
Monoclonal antibody | |
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Type | Whole antibody |
Source | Humanized (from mouse) |
Target | CD3 |
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Trade names | Tzield |
Other names | teplizumab-mzwv, PRV-031,[1] MGA031 |
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Routes of administration | Intravenous |
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Formula | C6462H9938N1738O2022S46 |
Molar mass | 145801.49 g·mol−1 |
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The Fc region of this antibody has been engineered to have Fc receptor non-binding (FNB) properties.[6] The mechanisms of action of teplizumab appear to involve weak agonistic activity on signaling via the T cell receptor-CD3 complex associated with the development of anergy, unresponsiveness, and/or apoptosis, particularly of unwanted activated Teff cells. In addition, regulatory cytokines are released and regulatory T cells are expanded that may lead to the reestablishment of immune tolerance [7][8]
Teplizumab was approved for medical use in the United States in November 2022.[9] The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.[10][11]