Post-traumatic seizure
A seizure that's caused by a Traumatic Brain Injury / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Post-traumatic seizures (PTS) are seizures that result from traumatic brain injury (TBI), brain damage caused by physical trauma. PTS may be a risk factor for post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), but a person having a seizure or seizures due to traumatic brain injury does not necessarily have PTE, which is a form of epilepsy, a chronic condition in which seizures occur repeatedly. However, "PTS" and "PTE" may be used interchangeably in medical literature.[1]
Seizures are usually an indication of a more severe TBI.[1] Seizures that occur shortly after a person sustains a brain injury may further damage the already vulnerable brain.[2] They may reduce the amount of oxygen available to the brain,[3] cause excitatory neurotransmitters to be released in excess, increase the brain's metabolic need, and raise the pressure within the intracranial space, further contributing to damage.[2] Thus, people who sustain severe head trauma are given anticonvulsant medications as a precaution against seizures.[3]
Around 5–7% of people hospitalized with TBI have at least one seizure.[4] PTS are more likely to occur in more severe injuries, and certain types of injuries increase the risk further. The risk that a person will develop PTS becomes progressively lower as time passes after the injury. However, TBI survivors may still be at risk over 15 years after the injury.[5] Children and older adults are at a higher risk for PTS.