Polystyrene sulfonate
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Polystyrene sulfonates are a group of medications used to treat high blood potassium.[1] Effects generally take hours to days.[1] They are also used to remove potassium, calcium, and sodium from solutions in technical applications.
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Trade names | Sodium salt: Kayexalate, Kionex, Resonium A Calcium salt: Calcium Resonium, Sorbisterit, Resikali Potassium and sodium salt: Tolevamer |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a682108 |
Routes of administration | By mouth, retention enema |
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Bioavailability | None |
Metabolism | None |
Excretion | Faeces (100%) |
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Formula | [C8H7SO3−] n |
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Common side effects include loss of appetite, gastrointestinal upset, constipation, and low blood calcium.[1] These polymers are derived from polystyrene by the addition of sulfonate functional groups.
Sodium polystyrene sulfonate was approved for medical use in the United States in 1958.[1]
A polystyrene sulfonate was developed in the 2000s to treat Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea under the name Tolevamer,[2] but it was never marketed.