Neologism
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In linguistics, a neologism (/niˈɒləˌdʒɪzəm/; also known as a coinage) is any newly formed word, term, or phrase that nevertheless has achieved popular or institutional recognition and is becoming accepted into mainstream language.[1] Most definitively, a word can be considered a neologism once it is published in a dictionary.[2]
Neologisms are one facet of lexical innovation, i.e., the linguistic process of new terms and meanings entering a language's lexicon. The most precise studies into language change and word formation, in fact, identify the process of a "neological continuum": a nonce word is any single-use term that may or may not grow in popularity; a protologism is such a term used exclusively within a small group; a prelogism is such a term that is gaining usage but still not mainstream; and a neologism has become accepted or recognized by social institutions.[3][4]
Neologisms are often driven by changes in culture and technology.[5][6] Popular examples of neologisms can be found in science, technology, fiction (notably science fiction), films and television, commercial branding, literature, jargon, cant, linguistics, the visual arts, and popular culture.[citation needed]
Examples of words that were 20th-century neologisms include laser (1970), an acronym of light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation; robot (1921) from Czech writer Karel Čapek's play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots);[7] and agitprop (1930; a portmanteau of Russian "agitatsiya" (agitation) and "propaganda").[8]