Jaish-e-Mohammed
Islamic Jihadist organisation / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Jaish-e-Mohammed (Urdu: جيشِ محمدؐ, lit. 'The Army of Muhammad', abbreviated as JeM) is a Pakistan-based[15] Deobandi[16] Jihadist[16][5][17] terrorist group active in Kashmir.[18] The group's primary motive is to separate Kashmir from India and merge it into Pakistan.
Jaish-e-Mohammed | |
---|---|
جيشِ محمدؐ | |
Leader | Maulana Masood Azhar |
Supreme Commander | Abdul Rauf Azhar |
Dates of operation | 2000–present |
Group(s) | Lashkar-e-Mustafa (Active In Kashmir)[1] |
Headquarters | Bahawalpur, Pakistan |
Ideology | Deobandi Islamism[2] Jihadism[3] Islamic fundamentalism[2] |
Notable attacks | 2016 Uri attack
2019 Pulwama attack |
Part of | United Jihad Council Operation Tupac[4] |
Allies | State allies Non-State allies |
Opponents | State opponents |
Battles and wars | |
Designated as a terrorist group by |
Since its inception in 2000, the group has carried out several attacks in the state of Jammu and Kashmir. It portrays Kashmir as a "gateway" to the entire India, whose Muslims are also deemed to be in need of liberation. It has carried out several attacks primarily in the Indian administered Jammu and Kashmir.[2][19] It also maintained close relations with the Taliban and Al-Qaeda in Afghanistan and continues to be allied with these groups.[20][7][8]
JeM was apparently created with the support of Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI),[3][21][22] which uses it to fight in Kashmir and other places, and continues to provide it backing.[23][24] The JeM has been banned in Pakistan since 2002, but resurfaced under other names.[25][26][27] Its apparent variants openly continue to operate several facilities in the country.[28][29]
According to B. Raman, Jaish-e-Mohammed is viewed as the "deadliest" and "the principal Islamic terrorist organisation in Jammu and Kashmir".[18][30] The group was responsible for several terror attacks: the 2001 attack on Jammu and Kashmir legislative assembly, the 2001 Indian Parliament attack, the 2016 Pathankot airbase attack, the 2016 attack on the Indian Mission in Mazar-i-Sharif, the 2016 Uri attack, and the 2019 Pulwama attack, each of which has had strategic consequences for India–Pakistan relations.[31] The group has been designated as a terrorist organisation by Pakistan, Russia, Australia, Canada,[12] India, New Zealand, the United Arab Emirates, the European Union,[32] the United Kingdom,[33] the United States, and the United Nations.[34]
In 2016, JeM was suspected of being responsible for an attack on the Pathankot airbase in India. The Indian government,[35] and some other sources, accused Pakistan of assisting JeM in conducting the attack.[23][24] Pakistan denied assisting JeM, and arrested several members of JeM in connection with the attack,[36] who were then released by the security establishment according to a report in Dawn.[37] Pakistan called the report an "amalgamation of fiction and fabrication".[38] In February 2019, the group took responsibility for a suicide bombing attack on a security convoy in the Pulwama district that killed 40 security personnel, named as one of the largest attacks in recent years.[39][40]