Ibn al-Jawzi
Muslim preacher and scholar (c. 1116–1201) / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Abū al-Farash ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad ibn al-Jawzī,[6] often referred to as Ibn al-Jawzī (Arabic: ابن الجوزي; c. 1116 – 16 June 1201) for short, was a Muslim jurisconsult, preacher, orator, heresiographer, traditionist, historian, judge, hagiographer, and philologist[6] who played an instrumental role in propagating the Hanbali school of orthodox Sunni jurisprudence in his native Baghdad during the twelfth-century.[6] During "a life of great intellectual, religious and political activity,"[6] Ibn al-Jawzi came to be widely admired by his fellow Hanbalis for the tireless role he played in ensuring that that particular school – historically, the smallest of the four principal Sunni schools of law – enjoy the same level of "prestige" often bestowed by rulers on the Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanafi rites.[6]
Ibn al-Jawzi | |
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Jurisconsult, Preacher, Traditionist; Shaykh of Islam, Orator of Kings and Princes, Imam of the Hanbalites | |
Venerated in | Sunni Islam, but particularly in the Hanbali school of jurisprudence |
Major shrine | Green Cement Tomb at Baghdad, Iraq |
Ibn al-Jawzi | |
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Title | Shaykh al-Islam[1] |
Personal | |
Born | c. 510 AH/1116 CE |
Died | 12 Ramadan 597 AH/16 June 1201 (aged approximately 84) |
Religion | Islam |
Era | Islamic Golden Age |
Denomination | Sunni |
Jurisprudence | Hanbali |
Creed | Ash'ari[2] |
Main interest(s) | History, Tafsir, Hadith, Fiqh |
Notable work(s) | Daf' Shubah al-Tashbih |
Muslim leader | |
Influenced |
Ibn al-Jawzi received a "very thorough education"[6] during his adolescent years, and was fortunate to train under some of that era's most renowned Baghdadi scholars, including Ibn al-Zāg̲h̲ūnī (d. 1133), Abū Bakr al-Dīnawarī (d. 1137–8), Sayyid Razzāq Alī Jīlānī (d. 1208), and Abū Manṣūr al-Jawālīkī (d. 1144–5).[7] Although Ibn al-Jawzi's scholarly career continued to blossom over the next few years, he became most famous during the reign of al-Mustadi (d. 1180), the thirty-third Abbasid caliph, whose support for Hanbalism allowed Ibn al-Jawzi to effectively become "one of the most influential persons" in Baghdad, due to the caliph's approval of Ibn al-Jawzi's public sermonizing to huge crowds in both pastoral and urban areas throughout Baghdad.[8] In the vast majority of the public sermons delivered during al-Mustadi's reign, Ibn al-Jawzi often presented a stanch defense of the prophet Muhammad's example, and vigorously criticized all those whom he considered to be schismatics in the faith.[8] At the same time, Ibn al-Jawzi's reputation as a scholar continued to grow due to the substantial role he played in managing many of the most important universities in the area,[8] as well as on account of the sheer number of works he wrote during this period.[8] As regards the latter point, it is important to note that part of Ibn al-Jawzi's legacy rests on his reputation for having been "one of the most prolific writers" of all time,[6] with later scholars like Ibn Taymīyyah (d. 1328) studying over a thousand works written by Ibn al-Jawzi during their years of training.[6] As scholars have noted, Ibn al-Jawzi's prodigious corpus, "varying in length" as it does,[6] touches upon virtually "all the great disciplines" of classical Islamic study.[6]