Eugénie de Montijo
Empress of the French from 1853 to 1870 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Doña María Eugenia Ignacia Agustina de Palafox y Kirkpatrick, 19th Countess of Teba, 16th Marquise of Ardales (5 May 1826 – 11 July 1920), known as Eugénie de Montijo (French: [øʒeni də mɔ̃tiʁo]), was Empress of the French from her marriage to Napoleon III on 30 January 1853 until the Emperor was overthrown on 4 September 1870. From 28 July to 4 September 1870, she was the de facto head of state of France.
Eugénie de Montijo | |||||
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19th Countess of Teba 16th Marquise of Ardales | |||||
Empress consort of the French | |||||
Tenure | 30 January 1853 – 4 September 1870 | ||||
Born | (1826-05-05)5 May 1826 Granada, Spain | ||||
Died | 11 July 1920(1920-07-11) (aged 94) Madrid, Spain | ||||
Burial | |||||
Spouse | |||||
Issue | Louis-Napoléon, Prince Imperial | ||||
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House | Bonaparte (by marriage) | ||||
Father | Cipriano de Palafox y Portocarrero, 8th Count of Montijo | ||||
Mother | María Manuela Kirkpatrick y Grivegnée | ||||
Religion | Catholicism | ||||
Signature |
Born to prominent Spanish nobility, Eugénie was educated in France, Spain, and England.[1][2] As Empress, she used her influence to champion "authoritarian and clerical policies"; her involvement in politics earned her much criticism from contemporaries.[3][4] Napoléon and Eugénie had one child together, Louis-Napoléon, Prince Imperial (1856–1879). After the fall of the Empire, the three lived in exile in England; Eugénie outlived both her husband and son and spent the remainder of her life working to commemorate their memories and the memory of the Second Empire.[5]