Electrotherapy (cosmetic)
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Cosmetic electrotherapy is a range of beauty treatments that uses low electric currents passed through the skin to produce several therapeutic effects[2] such as muscle toning in the body[3]: 226 and micro-lifting of the face.[4] It is based on electrotherapy, which has been researched and accepted in the field of rehabilitation,[5] though the "scientific and medical communities have tended to sideline or dismiss the use of electrotherapy for healthy muscles".[6]
The use of electricity in cosmetics goes back to the end of the 19th century,[7][8] almost a hundred years after Luigi Galvani discovered that electricity can make the muscle in a frog's leg twitch[9] (see galvanism). Subsequent research in electrophysiology has been carried out by people such as Robert O. Becker, Dr Björn Nordenström,[10] a former chair of the Nobel Selection Committee for Medicine, and Dr Thomas Wing,[11][12] who invented some of the first micro-current devices.