Cloxacillin
Beta-lactam antibiotic / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Cloxacillin is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.[1] This includes impetigo, cellulitis, pneumonia, septic arthritis, and otitis externa.[1] It is not effective for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).[2] It can be used by mouth and by injection.[1]
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Trade names | Cloxapen, others |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
Routes of administration | By mouth, IM |
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Bioavailability | 37 to 90% |
Protein binding | 95% |
Elimination half-life | 30 minutes to 1 hour |
Excretion | kidney and biliary |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.468 |
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Formula | C19H18ClN3O5S |
Molar mass | 435.88 g·mol−1 |
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Side effects include nausea, diarrhea, and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis.[1] Clostridium difficile diarrhea may also occur.[2] It is not recommended in people who have previously had a penicillin allergy.[1] Use during pregnancy appears to be relatively safe.[1] Cloxacillin is in the penicillin family of medications.[2]
Cloxacillin was patented in 1960 and approved for medical use in 1965.[3] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[4] It is not commercially available in the United States.[2]