Buspirone
Medication used to treat anxiety disorders / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Buspirone, sold under the brand name Buspar, among others, is an anxiolytic, a medication primarily used to treat anxiety disorders, particularly generalized anxiety disorder.[10][11] It is a serotonin 5-HT1A receptor agonist, increasing action at serotonin receptors in the brain.[3] It is taken orally, and takes two to six weeks to be fully effective.[10][11]
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Pronunciation | /ˈbjuːspɪroʊn/ (BEW-spi-rohn) |
Trade names | Buspar, Namanspin |
Other names | MJ 9022-1[1] |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
MedlinePlus | a688005 |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
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Bioavailability | 3.9%[3] |
Protein binding | 86–95%[4] |
Metabolism | Liver (via CYP3A4)[5][6] |
Metabolites | 5-OH-Buspirone; 6-OH-Buspirone; 8-OH-Buspirone; 1-PPTooltip 1-(2-pyrimidinyl)piperazine[7][8][9] |
Elimination half-life | 2.5 hours[5] |
Excretion | Urine: 29–63%[4] Feces: 18–38%[4] |
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ECHA InfoCard | 100.048.232 |
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Formula | C21H31N5O2 |
Molar mass | 385.512 g·mol−1 |
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Common side effects of buspirone include nausea, headaches, dizziness, and difficulty concentrating.[10][12] Serious side effects may include movement disorders, serotonin syndrome, and seizures.[12] Its use in pregnancy appears to be safe but has not been well studied, and use during breastfeeding has not been well studied.[12][13]
Buspirone was developed in 1968 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1986.[10][11] It is available as a generic medication.[12] In 2021, it was the 53rd most-commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 12 million prescriptions.[14][15]